In view of great advances in electro-optical technologies in the past decade, National Cheng Kung University (NCKU) established the Institute of Electro-Optical (E-O) Science and Engineering (EOSE) M.S. program in 2002, followed by the PhD program in 2004. The Department of Electro-Optical Engineering was established in 2007. In 2011, the Department of Electro-Optical Engineering and the Institute of Electro-Optical Science and Engineering merged to become the Department of Photonics (DPs). The Department has identified the following areas for future development: Photonics Science, Information and Display Photonics, Nano and Green Photonics, and Bio-Photonics. The Department integrates photonics resources and faculties within NCKU to provide research and intellectual resources to address problems facing the photonics industries in Taiwan, especially in Tainan Science-based Industrial Park. Photonics is an inter-disciplinary technology. It combines mechanics, electronics, chemistry, material science, automatic control and physics. Photonics industry is a technology-intensive, high added value, and low pollution industry. It finds many applications in military, consumer and hi-tech areas, hence its importance has drawn a global attention. As a result, photonics industry has been identified as one of the key industries worldwide. Enormous manpower and capital have been invested in this technology over the past decade. In return, the annual global market growth of photonics products is ~20% during this period of time. In Taiwan, flat panel displays (FPDs) industry has grown very rapidly recently. Our mission is to provide research and intellectual resources to address problems facing the photonics industries in Taiwan.