A comparative study of psychological stress and social support between Taiwan-born and China-born pregnant women in the Kaohsiung area

Background: Pregnancy impacts the life of an expectant mother in ways that are heavily influenced by her personal experiences and cultural background. As the course of a pregnancy affects fetal health and the development of the family, the administration of proper healthcare during pregnancy is of vital importance. Purpose: This study was designed to compare differences in pregnancy-related stress and social support between pregnant women born, respectively, in Taiwan and China. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, a total of 173 Taiwan-born and 74 China-born pregnant women were recruited from the Kaohsiung area by means of convenience sampling. Results: Pregnancy stress perceived by Taiwan-born participants was significantly higher than that perceived by their China-born peers. The most important stress-related factors were "stress related to altered bodily structures and functions" for Taiwan-born participants and "stress related to seeking safe passage for herself and her child through pregnancy, labor and delivery" for China-born participants. Perceived social support was also significantly higher in Taiwan-born participants than in those born in China. The two groups shared "emotional support and instrumental support from family members" as the primary source of social support. Conclusions: Listening to pregnant women's concerns in order to reinforce their family functions is of clinical importance. Findings highlight a cultural perspective on pregnancy stress and social support to provide a basis for improving prenatal care.