A direct Newton-Raphson economic emission dispatch

In this study, a direct Newton-Raphson method based on an alternative Jacobian matrix is proposed to solve the economic emission dispatch (EED) problem with line flow constraints. The alternative Jacobian matrix is formulated by the incremental transmission loss in terms of the sensitivity factors, line flows, and line resistances. The sensitivity factors are obtained from line flow solutions based on a DC load flow model. The proposed approach is tested on the Taiwan Power Company 288-bus system. Simulation results obtained from the proposed method confirm the advantage of computation rapidity and solution accuracy over that of the AC load flow method and the conventional B-coefficients method, respectively. The comparison confirms the capability of the proposed method in real-time implementation for the EED problem.