Accumulation of 3-Monochloro-Propanediol Esters in Kidney Tissues of Patients with Human Renal Cell Carcinoma

Background: 3-Monochloro-propanediol esters (3-MCPDEs), commonly found in refined edible oils and related products, have generated concerns due to their nephrotoxicity and carcinogenicity, yet clinical evidence remains limited. Objectives: In this study, we aimed to assess, for the first time, the accumulation of 3-MCPDEs in human kidney tissues, focusing on 68 participants, some with and others without renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Methods: An analytical method for 3-MCPDE determination in kidney tissues underwent partial validation to ensure its suitability for sample analysis. The analyst was blind to the sample groups. Results: Results revealed significantly higher 3-MCPDE levels in RCC patients compared to non-RCC counterparts (0.22 vs. 0.01 µg/g) (p < 0.01). Moreover, no significant correlation was found between 3-MCPDE levels and tumor stage or size in the RCC group. Conclusions: Accumulation of 3-MCPDEs in humans, with significantly higher levels was observed in kidney tumor specimens compared to non-patients. These findings suggest minimizing the intake of 3-MCPD and its esters in diets in order to reduce potential negative health impacts.