AI自主性武器系統之國際規範秩序：省思與前瞻

With the rise of big data-based predictive algorithms, controversies have arisen over the development of AI autonomous weapons systems, which have emerged as a new focal point in the study of international law. This paper examines how these new systems are and ought to be applicable to the international legal order on the basis of international humanitarian law as well as other relevant laws. Focusing on the texts of international law, this paper compares how autonomous weapons system is defined by the U.S. Department of Defense, China, Germany, International Committee of the Red Cross and Human Rights Watch according to the degree of autonomy and intellectual decision making loop. This paper then unpacks the process of negotiations and milestones of the Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons. It demonstrates that several proposals put forth by the contracting parties to the Convention have reached an impasse in negotiations, making it difficult to adequately address the potential risks posed by autonomous weapons systems. Consequently, this paper proposes several regulatory insights regarding the control over military algorithms by implementing meaningful human control and accountability mechanisms.