TY - JOUR
T1 - An in-operando evaluation identified the oxidative failure mechanism of TiN hard coatings during extreme thermal cycling
AU - Rouhani, Mehdi
AU - Sravan Metla, Sai Bhavani
AU - Hobley, Jonathan
AU - Jeng, Yeau-Ren
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan (MOST 107-2923-M-006-003-MY3, 108-2221-E-006-228-MY3, 108-2119-M-006-010, 109-2124-M-006-003, 110-2124-M-006-005, 111-2218-E-006-016, 112-2218-E-006-023 and 112-2221-E-006-176). Professor Yeau-Ren Jeng would like to acknowledge the Medical Device Innovation Center (MDIC) from The Featured Areas Research Center Program within the framework of the Higher Education Sprout Project by the Ministry of Education (MOE) in Taiwan and AC2T Research GmbH (AC2T) in Austria (COMET InTribology, FFG-No.872176). Professor Jonathan Hobley is grateful to the NCKU90 visiting Scholar Scheme and MOST 111-2222-E-006-007 for funding his research. The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the Core Facility Center of National Cheng Kung University.
Funding Information:
This work was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan (MOST 107-2923-M-006-003-MY3, 108-2221-E-006-228-MY3, 108-2119-M-006-010, 109-2124-M-006-003, 110-2124-M-006-005, 111-2218-E-006-016, 112-2218-E-006-023 and 112-2221-E-006-176). Professor Yeau-Ren Jeng would like to acknowledge the Medical Device Innovation Center (MDIC) from The Featured Areas Research Center Program within the framework of the Higher Education Sprout Project by the Ministry of Education (MOE) in Taiwan and AC2T Research GmbH (AC2T) in Austria (COMET InTribology, FFG-No.872176). Professor Jonathan Hobley is grateful to the NCKU90 visiting Scholar Scheme and MOST 111-2222-E-006-007 for funding his research. The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the Core Facility Center of National Cheng Kung University.
Funding Information:
This work was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of Taiwan (MOST 107-2923-M-006-003-MY3, 108-2221-E-006-228-MY3, 108-2119-M-006-010, 109-2124-M-006-003 and 110-2124-M-006-005).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2023
PY - 2023/12/15
Y1 - 2023/12/15
N2 - We determine the definitive failure mechanism of passivated TiN films by in-operando monitoring extreme temperature (650 °C) induced microstructure, chemical, and mechanical changes. Films were in-operando characterized using Raman and optical microscopy, in air and argon, and post-mortem using nanoindentation, XPS, XRD, and microscopy. Initially, TiO2 anatase forms from pre-existing anatase-rich nucleation centers. These develop into domed bulges of condensed N2 gas in the sub-surface. This initial oxidation is limited to the surface. However, during cooling, cracks propagate from the bubbles, leading to wide-area delamination of the films. These cracks provide a pathway for further destructive bulk oxidation to rutile. This insight into failure mechanism provides deposition protocol for coatings operated under demanding conditions.
AB - We determine the definitive failure mechanism of passivated TiN films by in-operando monitoring extreme temperature (650 °C) induced microstructure, chemical, and mechanical changes. Films were in-operando characterized using Raman and optical microscopy, in air and argon, and post-mortem using nanoindentation, XPS, XRD, and microscopy. Initially, TiO2 anatase forms from pre-existing anatase-rich nucleation centers. These develop into domed bulges of condensed N2 gas in the sub-surface. This initial oxidation is limited to the surface. However, during cooling, cracks propagate from the bubbles, leading to wide-area delamination of the films. These cracks provide a pathway for further destructive bulk oxidation to rutile. This insight into failure mechanism provides deposition protocol for coatings operated under demanding conditions.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.apsusc.2023.158375
DO - 10.1016/j.apsusc.2023.158375
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85170230003
SN - 0169-4332
VL - 640
JO - Applied Surface Science
JF - Applied Surface Science
M1 - 158375
ER -