Abstract
Many studies have examined the association between cardiovascular disease mortality and water hardness. However, the results have not been consistent. This report examines whether calcium and magnesium in drinking water are protective against acute myocardial infarction (AMI). All eligible AMI deaths (10,094 cases) of Taiwan residents from 1994 to 2003 were compared with deaths from other causes (10,094 controls), and the levels of calcium and magnesium in drinking water of these residents were determined. Data on calcium and magnesium levels in drinking water throughout Taiwan have been obtained from the Taiwan Water Supply Corporation. The control group consisted of people who died from other causes and the controls were pair matched to the cases by sex, year of birth, and year of death. The adjusted odd ratios (95% confidence interval) were 0.79 (0.73-0.86) for the group with water calcium levels between 25.1 and 42.4 mg/L and 0.71 (0.65-0.77) for the group with calcium levels of 42.6 mg/L or more. After adjustment for calcium levels in drinking water, there was no difference between the groups with different levels of magnesium. The results of the present study show that there is a significant protective effect of calcium intake from drinking water on the risk of death from AMI.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 407-411 |
| Number of pages | 5 |
| Journal | Environmental Research |
| Volume | 101 |
| Issue number | 3 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2006 Jul 1 |
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All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Biochemistry
- Environmental Science(all)
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Calcium and magnesium in drinking water and risk of death from acute myocardial infarction in Taiwan. / Yang, Chun Yuh; Chang, Chih Ching; Tsai, Shang Shyue; Chiu, Hui Fen.
In: Environmental Research, Vol. 101, No. 3, 01.07.2006, p. 407-411.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
TY - JOUR
T1 - Calcium and magnesium in drinking water and risk of death from acute myocardial infarction in Taiwan
AU - Yang, Chun Yuh
AU - Chang, Chih Ching
AU - Tsai, Shang Shyue
AU - Chiu, Hui Fen
PY - 2006/7/1
Y1 - 2006/7/1
N2 - Many studies have examined the association between cardiovascular disease mortality and water hardness. However, the results have not been consistent. This report examines whether calcium and magnesium in drinking water are protective against acute myocardial infarction (AMI). All eligible AMI deaths (10,094 cases) of Taiwan residents from 1994 to 2003 were compared with deaths from other causes (10,094 controls), and the levels of calcium and magnesium in drinking water of these residents were determined. Data on calcium and magnesium levels in drinking water throughout Taiwan have been obtained from the Taiwan Water Supply Corporation. The control group consisted of people who died from other causes and the controls were pair matched to the cases by sex, year of birth, and year of death. The adjusted odd ratios (95% confidence interval) were 0.79 (0.73-0.86) for the group with water calcium levels between 25.1 and 42.4 mg/L and 0.71 (0.65-0.77) for the group with calcium levels of 42.6 mg/L or more. After adjustment for calcium levels in drinking water, there was no difference between the groups with different levels of magnesium. The results of the present study show that there is a significant protective effect of calcium intake from drinking water on the risk of death from AMI.
AB - Many studies have examined the association between cardiovascular disease mortality and water hardness. However, the results have not been consistent. This report examines whether calcium and magnesium in drinking water are protective against acute myocardial infarction (AMI). All eligible AMI deaths (10,094 cases) of Taiwan residents from 1994 to 2003 were compared with deaths from other causes (10,094 controls), and the levels of calcium and magnesium in drinking water of these residents were determined. Data on calcium and magnesium levels in drinking water throughout Taiwan have been obtained from the Taiwan Water Supply Corporation. The control group consisted of people who died from other causes and the controls were pair matched to the cases by sex, year of birth, and year of death. The adjusted odd ratios (95% confidence interval) were 0.79 (0.73-0.86) for the group with water calcium levels between 25.1 and 42.4 mg/L and 0.71 (0.65-0.77) for the group with calcium levels of 42.6 mg/L or more. After adjustment for calcium levels in drinking water, there was no difference between the groups with different levels of magnesium. The results of the present study show that there is a significant protective effect of calcium intake from drinking water on the risk of death from AMI.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=33646868051&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=33646868051&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.envres.2005.12.019
DO - 10.1016/j.envres.2005.12.019
M3 - Article
C2 - 16469307
AN - SCOPUS:33646868051
VL - 101
SP - 407
EP - 411
JO - Environmental Research
JF - Environmental Research
SN - 0013-9351
IS - 3
ER -