Cocaine-induced inhibition of ATP-sensitive K⁺ channels in rat ventricular myocytes and in heart-derived H9c2 cells

Cocaine use may cause coronary artery spasm and acute myocardial ischaemia/infarction. However, its effects on ATP-sensitive K⁺ (K_ATP) channel, an ion channel responsible for ischaemic preconditioning, remain unknown. In isolated rat ventricular myocytes with whole-cell experiments, cocaine can reverse action potential shortening and increased K⁺ current caused by the openers of ATP-sensitive K⁺ (K_ATP) channels. In inside-out patches, cocaine applied to intracellular surface suppressed K_ATP-channel activity in a concentration-dependent manner with an IC₅₀ value of 9.2 μM; however, it did not modify the single-channel conductance of this channel. The change in the kinetic behaviour of K_ATP channels caused by cocaine is primarily the result of an increase in mean closed time and a decrease in mean open time. Cocaine-induced inhibition of K_ATP channels is independent of change in intracellular ATP concentrations. In heart-derived H9c2 cells, cocaine is also capable of suppressing K_ATP-channel activity. The present study provides evidence that cocaine can produce a depressant action on K_ATP channels in cardiac myocytes, and thus disturb ischaemic preconditioning in clinical settings.