DECORATION OF GRAPHENE NANORIBBONS WITH 5D TRANSITION-METAL ELEMENTS

Graphene is a popular, truly two-dimensional material, possessing a cone-like energy structure near the Fermi level, and is treated as a gapless semiconductor. Its unique properties have motivated researchers to find applications for it. The gapless feature limits the development of graphene nanoelectronics. Making one-dimensional strips of graphene nanoribbons (GNRs) could be one of the more promising routes for modulating the electronic and optical properties of graphene. These properties are highly sensitive to the edge and width of the nanoribbons. The tunability of electronic and optical properties further implies the possibility of applying GNRs. However, the dangling bonds at ribbon edges remain an open issue in GNR systems. Various passivation techniques that could change the physical properties at the ribbon edge are available. This work considers 5d transition-metal elements as guest atoms at the edges. The geometric structure, energy bands, density of states, charge distribution, and optical transitions are discussed.