TY - JOUR
T1 - Deletion and tandem duplications of biosynthetic genes drive the diversity of triterpenoids in Aralia elata
AU - Wang, Yu
AU - Zhang, He
AU - Ri, Hyok Chol
AU - An, Zeyu
AU - Wang, Xin
AU - Zhou, Jia Nan
AU - Zheng, Dongran
AU - Wu, Hao
AU - Wang, Pengchao
AU - Yang, Jianfei
AU - Liu, Ding Kun
AU - Zhang, Diyang
AU - Tsai, Wen Chieh
AU - Xue, Zheyong
AU - Xu, Zhichao
AU - Zhang, Peng
AU - Liu, Zhong Jian
AU - Shen, Hailong
AU - Li, Yuhua
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Innovation Project of State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University) (No. 2013A06) [Y.L.], the National Nonprofit Institute Research Grant of the Chinese Academy of Forestry (No. CAFYBB2019ZY003) [H.S.], National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. U21A20243) [Y.L.], the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2015M581414) [Y.W.], and Heilongjiang Touyan Innovation Team Program (Tree Genetics and Breeding Innovation Team) [Y.L.]. The authors acknowledge the technical support by Dr. Shengnan Tan from Analysis and Test Center, Northeast Forestry University for assistance in LC?MS analysis and Dr. Xiaogang Niu at the mass spectrometry facility of the National Center for Protein Sciences at Peking University for assistance with NMR analysis. We also thank Prof. Chaosheng Yang of Yunnan Agricultural University for providing the genome sequence of P. notoginseng. We also thank Dr. Michael Court (Washington State University) of UGT nomenclature committee for the naming of the UGTs and Dr. David Nelson (The University of Tennessee Health Science Center) of P450 nomenclature committee for the naming of the P450s.
Funding Information:
This work was supported by the Innovation Project of State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding (Northeast Forestry University) (No. 2013A06) [Y.L.], the National Nonprofit Institute Research Grant of the Chinese Academy of Forestry (No. CAFYBB2019ZY003) [H.S.], National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. U21A20243) [Y.L.], the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2015M581414) [Y.W.], and Heilongjiang Touyan Innovation Team Program (Tree Genetics and Breeding Innovation Team) [Y.L.]. The authors acknowledge the technical support by Dr. Shengnan Tan from Analysis and Test Center, Northeast Forestry University for assistance in LC–MS analysis and Dr. Xiaogang Niu at the mass spectrometry facility of the National Center for Protein Sciences at Peking University for assistance with NMR analysis. We also thank Prof. Chaosheng Yang of Yunnan Agricultural University for providing the genome sequence of P. notoginseng. We also thank Dr. Michael Court (Washington State University) of UGT nomenclature committee for the naming of the UGTs and Dr. David Nelson (The University of Tennessee Health Science Center) of P450 nomenclature committee for the naming of the P450s.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s).
PY - 2022/12
Y1 - 2022/12
N2 - Araliaceae species produce various classes of triterpene and triterpenoid saponins, such as the oleanane-type triterpenoids in Aralia species and dammarane-type saponins in Panax, valued for their medicinal properties. The lack of genome sequences of Panax relatives has hindered mechanistic insight into the divergence of triterpene saponins in Araliaceae. Here, we report a chromosome-level genome of Aralia elata with a total length of 1.05 Gb. The loss of 12 exons in the dammarenediol synthase (DDS)-encoding gene in A. elata after divergence from Panax might have caused the lack of dammarane-type saponin production, and a complementation assay shows that overexpression of the PgDDS gene from Panax ginseng in callus of A. elata recovers the accumulation of dammarane-type saponins. Tandem duplication events of triterpene biosynthetic genes are common in the A. elata genome, especially for AeCYP72As, AeCSLMs, and AeUGT73s, which function as tailoring enzymes of oleanane-type saponins and aralosides. More than 13 aralosides are de novo synthesized in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by overexpression of these genes in combination. This study sheds light on the diversity of saponins biosynthetic pathway in Araliaceae and will facilitate heterologous bioproduction of aralosides.
AB - Araliaceae species produce various classes of triterpene and triterpenoid saponins, such as the oleanane-type triterpenoids in Aralia species and dammarane-type saponins in Panax, valued for their medicinal properties. The lack of genome sequences of Panax relatives has hindered mechanistic insight into the divergence of triterpene saponins in Araliaceae. Here, we report a chromosome-level genome of Aralia elata with a total length of 1.05 Gb. The loss of 12 exons in the dammarenediol synthase (DDS)-encoding gene in A. elata after divergence from Panax might have caused the lack of dammarane-type saponin production, and a complementation assay shows that overexpression of the PgDDS gene from Panax ginseng in callus of A. elata recovers the accumulation of dammarane-type saponins. Tandem duplication events of triterpene biosynthetic genes are common in the A. elata genome, especially for AeCYP72As, AeCSLMs, and AeUGT73s, which function as tailoring enzymes of oleanane-type saponins and aralosides. More than 13 aralosides are de novo synthesized in Saccharomyces cerevisiae by overexpression of these genes in combination. This study sheds light on the diversity of saponins biosynthetic pathway in Araliaceae and will facilitate heterologous bioproduction of aralosides.
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U2 - 10.1038/s41467-022-29908-y
DO - 10.1038/s41467-022-29908-y
M3 - Article
C2 - 35468919
AN - SCOPUS:85128865687
VL - 13
JO - Nature Communications
JF - Nature Communications
SN - 2041-1723
IS - 1
M1 - 2224
ER -