Development and validation of a questionnaire to measure self-perceived needs for care supportive among Indonesian home care aides

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a questionnaire to measure self-perceived needs for supportive care among Indonesian home care aides. Methods: This study was conducted in three phases: Phase one covered the development of the questionnaire items and the evaluation of content validity by experts. In Phase 2, the questionnaire was translated into Indonesian and the validity of the translated version was determined. In the final phase, 120 Indonesian home care aides were recruited in order to establish the reliability and validity of the questionnaire. Items on the questionnaire were designed based on House's social support model which includes four types of resources: instruments, information, emotion and evaluation. Data were analyzed using KR-20 for internal consistency of the items, exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using a structural equation model (SEM) for construct validity, and Pearson's correlation coefficient for concurrent validity. Results: Eleven of the original 22 items were retained through EFA; four factors were categorized as emotion, information, instruments, and evaluation. The factor loading of the four factors ranged from 0.63 to 0.82 and accounted for 61.74% of the total variance. The SEM approach indicated a satisfactory model-fit and convergent and discriminant validity. The item consistency reliability was 0.53- 0.65 for the 11 items, indicating good reliability. Conclusions: This measurement of self-perceived need for social support was valid and reliable. It can be an effective assessment tool with Indonesian home care aides.