Effect of nonionic surfactant addition on Pyrex glass ablation using water-assisted CO₂ laser processing

Material Science

• Carbon Dioxide 100%
• Nonionic Surfactant 100%
• Laser Processing 100%
• Surface Active Agent 80%
• Energy Density 40%
• Surface (Surface Science) 20%
• Laser Ablation 20%
• Thermal Stress 20%
• Surface Defect 20%
• Surface Crack 20%

Keyphrases

• Glass Ablation 100%
• Water-assisted 100%
• Ablation Rate 40%
• Betaine Surfactant 20%
• Linear Laser 20%
• Linear Energy Density 20%
• Ablation Performance 20%
• Newton's Law 20%

Engineering

• Ablation Rate 28%
• Newton's Law 14%
• Linear Energy Density 14%