TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of different amounts of exercise on preventing depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older adults
T2 - A prospective cohort study in Taiwan
AU - Chang, Yu Chen
AU - Lu, Mei Chun
AU - Hu, I. Han
AU - Wu, Wan Chi Ida
AU - Hu, Susan C.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© Article author(s) (or their employer(s) unless otherwise stated in the text of the article) 2017.
PY - 2017/4/1
Y1 - 2017/4/1
N2 - Objectives To compare the effects of four different amounts of exercise for preventing depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older adults. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting A nationally representative sample in Taiwan. Participants Four waves of the survey 'Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging (TLSA)' from 1996 to 2007 were analysed. A total of 2673 older adults aged 65 years and over were recruited. Primary and secondary outcome measures Depressive symptoms were measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD). Four different types/amounts of exercise were examined including: (1) 3 times/week, 15 min/time; (2) 3 times/week, 30 min/time; (3) 6 times/week, 15 min/time; and (4) 6 times/week, 30 min/time. All exercise types were required to have at least moderate intensity. The impacts of different amounts of exercise on depressive symptoms were analysed using generalised linear mixed models. Results More than one-fifth of the elder individuals under consideration had depressive symptoms (CESD ≥10). About 38.6% of older adults met the lowest criteria for exercise type 1, and fewer (28.0%) met the highest criteria for type 4. Only exercise type 4 in the current survey was initially related to lower depressive symptoms (OR=0.8, 95% CI 0.66 to 0.95). However, after considering the interaction between time and changes in exercise patterns, the results showed that all persistent exercise models, even if a very low amount (3 times/week, 15 min/time), had significantly preventive effects on depressive symptoms (OR=0.56∼0.67). Conclusion Consistent exercise with at least 15 min per time, three times a week of moderate intensity is significantly associated with lower risk of depressive symptoms. This low amount of exercise may be easier to promote at the community and population level than other alternatives. Trial registration Registry number 104040 of the Institutional Ethics Committee of Chia-Yi Christian Hospital.
AB - Objectives To compare the effects of four different amounts of exercise for preventing depressive symptoms in community-dwelling older adults. Design Prospective cohort study. Setting A nationally representative sample in Taiwan. Participants Four waves of the survey 'Taiwan Longitudinal Study on Aging (TLSA)' from 1996 to 2007 were analysed. A total of 2673 older adults aged 65 years and over were recruited. Primary and secondary outcome measures Depressive symptoms were measured using the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CESD). Four different types/amounts of exercise were examined including: (1) 3 times/week, 15 min/time; (2) 3 times/week, 30 min/time; (3) 6 times/week, 15 min/time; and (4) 6 times/week, 30 min/time. All exercise types were required to have at least moderate intensity. The impacts of different amounts of exercise on depressive symptoms were analysed using generalised linear mixed models. Results More than one-fifth of the elder individuals under consideration had depressive symptoms (CESD ≥10). About 38.6% of older adults met the lowest criteria for exercise type 1, and fewer (28.0%) met the highest criteria for type 4. Only exercise type 4 in the current survey was initially related to lower depressive symptoms (OR=0.8, 95% CI 0.66 to 0.95). However, after considering the interaction between time and changes in exercise patterns, the results showed that all persistent exercise models, even if a very low amount (3 times/week, 15 min/time), had significantly preventive effects on depressive symptoms (OR=0.56∼0.67). Conclusion Consistent exercise with at least 15 min per time, three times a week of moderate intensity is significantly associated with lower risk of depressive symptoms. This low amount of exercise may be easier to promote at the community and population level than other alternatives. Trial registration Registry number 104040 of the Institutional Ethics Committee of Chia-Yi Christian Hospital.
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U2 - 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014256
DO - 10.1136/bmjopen-2016-014256
M3 - Article
C2 - 28465305
AN - SCOPUS:85018774073
SN - 2044-6055
VL - 7
JO - BMJ open
JF - BMJ open
IS - 4
M1 - e014256
ER -