Efficient ¹H-NMR quantitation and investigation of N-Acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) and N,N'-diacetylchitobiose (GlcNAc)2 from chitin

A quantitative determination method of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine (GlcNAc) and N,N'-diacetylchitobiose (GlcNAc) ₂ is proposed using a proton nuclear magnetic resonance experiment. N-acetyl groups of GlcNAc and (GlcNAc) ₂ are chosen as target signals, and the deconvolution technique is used to determine the concentration of the corresponding compound. Compared to the HPLC method, ¹H-NMR spectroscopy is simple and fast. The method can be used for the analysis of chitin hydrolyzed products with real-time analysis, and for quantifying the content of products using internal standards without calibration curves. This method can be used to quickly evaluate chitinase activity. The temperature dependence of ¹H-NMR spectra (VT-NMR) is studied to monitor the chemical shift variation of acetyl peak. The acetyl groups of products are involved in intramolecular H-bonding with the OH group on anomeric sites. The rotation of the acetyl group is closely related to the intramolecular hydrogen bonding pattern, as suggested by the theoretical data (molecular modeling).