Exfoliation of a non-van der Waals material from iron ore hematite

Aravind Puthirath Balan; Sruthi Radhakrishnan; Cristiano F. Woellner; Shyam K. Sinha; Liangzi Deng; Carlos De Los Reyes; Banki Manmadha Rao; Maggie Paulose; Ram Neupane; Amey Apte; Vidya Kochat; Robert Vajtai; Avetik R. Harutyunyan; Ching Wu Chu; Gelu Costin; Douglas S. Galvao; Angel A. Martí; Peter A. Van Aken; Oomman K. Varghese; Chandra Sekhar Tiwary; Anantharaman Malie Madom Ramaswamy Iyer; Pulickel M. Ajayan

doi:10.1038/s41565-018-0134-y

Exfoliation of a non-van der Waals material from iron ore hematite

Aravind Puthirath Balan, Sruthi Radhakrishnan, Cristiano F. Woellner, Shyam K. Sinha, Liangzi Deng, Carlos De Los Reyes, Banki Manmadha Rao, Maggie Paulose, Ram Neupane, Amey Apte, Vidya Kochat, Robert Vajtai, Avetik R. Harutyunyan, Ching Wu Chu, Gelu Costin, Douglas S. Galvao, Angel A. Martí, Peter A. Van Aken, Oomman K. Varghese, Chandra Sekhar TiwaryAnantharaman Malie Madom Ramaswamy Iyer, Pulickel M. Ajayan

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Abstract

With the advent of graphene, the most studied of all two-dimensional materials, many inorganic analogues have been synthesized and are being exploited for novel applications. Several approaches have been used to obtain large-grain, high-quality materials. Naturally occurring ores, for example, are the best precursors for obtaining highly ordered and large-grain atomic layers by exfoliation. Here, we demonstrate a new two-dimensional material 'hematene' obtained from natural iron ore hematite (α-Fe₂O₃), which is isolated by means of liquid exfoliation. The two-dimensional morphology of hematene is confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. Magnetic measurements together with density functional theory calculations confirm the ferromagnetic order in hematene while its parent form exhibits antiferromagnetic order. When loaded on titania nanotube arrays, hematene exhibits enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity. Our study indicates that photogenerated electrons can be transferred from hematene to titania despite a band alignment unfavourable for charge transfer.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	602-609
Number of pages	8
Journal	Nature Nanotechnology
Volume	13
Issue number	7
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-018-0134-y
Publication status	Published - 2018 Jul 1

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Bioengineering
Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Biomedical Engineering
General Materials Science
Condensed Matter Physics
Electrical and Electronic Engineering

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Puthirath Balan, A., Radhakrishnan, S., Woellner, C. F., Sinha, S. K., Deng, L., Reyes, C. D. L., Rao, B. M., Paulose, M., Neupane, R., Apte, A., Kochat, V., Vajtai, R., Harutyunyan, A. R., Chu, C. W., Costin, G., Galvao, D. S., Martí, A. A., Van Aken, P. A., Varghese, O. K., ... Ajayan, P. M. (2018). Exfoliation of a non-van der Waals material from iron ore hematite. Nature Nanotechnology, 13(7), 602-609. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-018-0134-y

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title = "Exfoliation of a non-van der Waals material from iron ore hematite",

abstract = "With the advent of graphene, the most studied of all two-dimensional materials, many inorganic analogues have been synthesized and are being exploited for novel applications. Several approaches have been used to obtain large-grain, high-quality materials. Naturally occurring ores, for example, are the best precursors for obtaining highly ordered and large-grain atomic layers by exfoliation. Here, we demonstrate a new two-dimensional material 'hematene' obtained from natural iron ore hematite (α-Fe2O3), which is isolated by means of liquid exfoliation. The two-dimensional morphology of hematene is confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. Magnetic measurements together with density functional theory calculations confirm the ferromagnetic order in hematene while its parent form exhibits antiferromagnetic order. When loaded on titania nanotube arrays, hematene exhibits enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity. Our study indicates that photogenerated electrons can be transferred from hematene to titania despite a band alignment unfavourable for charge transfer.",

author = "{Puthirath Balan}, Aravind and Sruthi Radhakrishnan and Woellner, {Cristiano F.} and Sinha, {Shyam K.} and Liangzi Deng and Reyes, {Carlos De Los} and Rao, {Banki Manmadha} and Maggie Paulose and Ram Neupane and Amey Apte and Vidya Kochat and Robert Vajtai and Harutyunyan, {Avetik R.} and Chu, {Ching Wu} and Gelu Costin and Galvao, {Douglas S.} and Mart{\'i}, {Angel A.} and {Van Aken}, {Peter A.} and Varghese, {Oomman K.} and Tiwary, {Chandra Sekhar} and {Malie Madom Ramaswamy Iyer}, Anantharaman and Ajayan, {Pulickel M.}",

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year = "2018",

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doi = "10.1038/s41565-018-0134-y",

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Puthirath Balan, A, Radhakrishnan, S, Woellner, CF, Sinha, SK, Deng, L, Reyes, CDL, Rao, BM, Paulose, M, Neupane, R, Apte, A, Kochat, V, Vajtai, R, Harutyunyan, AR, Chu, CW, Costin, G, Galvao, DS, Martí, AA, Van Aken, PA, Varghese, OK, Tiwary, CS, Malie Madom Ramaswamy Iyer, A & Ajayan, PM 2018, 'Exfoliation of a non-van der Waals material from iron ore hematite', Nature Nanotechnology, vol. 13, no. 7, pp. 602-609. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41565-018-0134-y

TY - JOUR

T1 - Exfoliation of a non-van der Waals material from iron ore hematite

AU - Puthirath Balan, Aravind

AU - Radhakrishnan, Sruthi

AU - Woellner, Cristiano F.

AU - Sinha, Shyam K.

AU - Deng, Liangzi

AU - Reyes, Carlos De Los

AU - Rao, Banki Manmadha

AU - Paulose, Maggie

AU - Neupane, Ram

AU - Apte, Amey

AU - Kochat, Vidya

AU - Vajtai, Robert

AU - Harutyunyan, Avetik R.

AU - Chu, Ching Wu

AU - Costin, Gelu

AU - Galvao, Douglas S.

AU - Martí, Angel A.

AU - Van Aken, Peter A.

AU - Varghese, Oomman K.

AU - Tiwary, Chandra Sekhar

AU - Malie Madom Ramaswamy Iyer, Anantharaman

AU - Ajayan, Pulickel M.

PY - 2018/7/1

Y1 - 2018/7/1

N2 - With the advent of graphene, the most studied of all two-dimensional materials, many inorganic analogues have been synthesized and are being exploited for novel applications. Several approaches have been used to obtain large-grain, high-quality materials. Naturally occurring ores, for example, are the best precursors for obtaining highly ordered and large-grain atomic layers by exfoliation. Here, we demonstrate a new two-dimensional material 'hematene' obtained from natural iron ore hematite (α-Fe2O3), which is isolated by means of liquid exfoliation. The two-dimensional morphology of hematene is confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. Magnetic measurements together with density functional theory calculations confirm the ferromagnetic order in hematene while its parent form exhibits antiferromagnetic order. When loaded on titania nanotube arrays, hematene exhibits enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity. Our study indicates that photogenerated electrons can be transferred from hematene to titania despite a band alignment unfavourable for charge transfer.

AB - With the advent of graphene, the most studied of all two-dimensional materials, many inorganic analogues have been synthesized and are being exploited for novel applications. Several approaches have been used to obtain large-grain, high-quality materials. Naturally occurring ores, for example, are the best precursors for obtaining highly ordered and large-grain atomic layers by exfoliation. Here, we demonstrate a new two-dimensional material 'hematene' obtained from natural iron ore hematite (α-Fe2O3), which is isolated by means of liquid exfoliation. The two-dimensional morphology of hematene is confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. Magnetic measurements together with density functional theory calculations confirm the ferromagnetic order in hematene while its parent form exhibits antiferromagnetic order. When loaded on titania nanotube arrays, hematene exhibits enhanced visible light photocatalytic activity. Our study indicates that photogenerated electrons can be transferred from hematene to titania despite a band alignment unfavourable for charge transfer.

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ER -

Exfoliation of a non-van der Waals material from iron ore hematite

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