Extreme Poleward Expanding Super Plasma Bubbles Over Asia-Pacific Region Triggered by Tonga Volcano Eruption During the Recovery-Phase of Geomagnetic Storm

P. K. Rajesh; C. C.H. Lin; J. T. Lin; C. Y. Lin; J. Y. Liu; T. Matsuo; C. Y. Huang; M. Y. Chou; J. Yue; M. Nishioka; H. Jin; J. M. Choi; S. P. Chen; Marty Chou; H. F. Tsai

doi:10.1029/2022GL099798

Extreme Poleward Expanding Super Plasma Bubbles Over Asia-Pacific Region Triggered by Tonga Volcano Eruption During the Recovery-Phase of Geomagnetic Storm

P. K. Rajesh, C. C.H. Lin, J. T. Lin, C. Y. Lin, J. Y. Liu, T. Matsuo, C. Y. Huang, M. Y. Chou, J. Yue, M. Nishioka, H. Jin, J. M. Choi, S. P. Chen, Marty Chou, H. F. Tsai

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Abstract

The Tonga volcano eruption of 15 January 2022 unleashed a variety of atmospheric perturbations, coinciding with the recovery-phase of a geomagnetic storm. The ensuing thermospheric variations created rare display of extreme poleward-expanding conjugate plasma bubbles seen in the rate of total electron content index over 100–150°E, reaching ∼40°N geographic latitude. This is associated with fluctuations in FORMOSAT-7/COSMIC-2 (F7/C2) ion-density measurements and spread-F in ionograms. Preceding to this, an unusually strong pre-reversal enhancement (PRE) occurred in the global ionospheric specification (GIS) electron density profiles derived from F7/C2 observations. The GIS also revealed a decrease of equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) crest density due to the storm impact. Reduced E-region conductivity by volcano-induced waves and enhanced F-region wind, further accelerated by reduced ion-drag over the EIA, apparently intensified the PRE. Accompanied with the strong PRE, volcano-induced seed perturbations triggered the super plasma bubble activity.

Original language	English
Article number	e2022GL099798
Journal	Geophysical Research Letters
Volume	49
Issue number	15
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL099798
Publication status	Published - 2022 Aug 16

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Geophysics
General Earth and Planetary Sciences

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Rajesh, P. K., Lin, C. C. H., Lin, J. T., Lin, C. Y., Liu, J. Y., Matsuo, T., Huang, C. Y., Chou, M. Y., Yue, J., Nishioka, M., Jin, H., Choi, J. M., Chen, S. P., Chou, M., & Tsai, H. F. (2022). Extreme Poleward Expanding Super Plasma Bubbles Over Asia-Pacific Region Triggered by Tonga Volcano Eruption During the Recovery-Phase of Geomagnetic Storm. Geophysical Research Letters, 49(15), Article e2022GL099798. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL099798

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title = "Extreme Poleward Expanding Super Plasma Bubbles Over Asia-Pacific Region Triggered by Tonga Volcano Eruption During the Recovery-Phase of Geomagnetic Storm",

abstract = "The Tonga volcano eruption of 15 January 2022 unleashed a variety of atmospheric perturbations, coinciding with the recovery-phase of a geomagnetic storm. The ensuing thermospheric variations created rare display of extreme poleward-expanding conjugate plasma bubbles seen in the rate of total electron content index over 100–150°E, reaching ∼40°N geographic latitude. This is associated with fluctuations in FORMOSAT-7/COSMIC-2 (F7/C2) ion-density measurements and spread-F in ionograms. Preceding to this, an unusually strong pre-reversal enhancement (PRE) occurred in the global ionospheric specification (GIS) electron density profiles derived from F7/C2 observations. The GIS also revealed a decrease of equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) crest density due to the storm impact. Reduced E-region conductivity by volcano-induced waves and enhanced F-region wind, further accelerated by reduced ion-drag over the EIA, apparently intensified the PRE. Accompanied with the strong PRE, volcano-induced seed perturbations triggered the super plasma bubble activity.",

author = "Rajesh, {P. K.} and Lin, {C. C.H.} and Lin, {J. T.} and Lin, {C. Y.} and Liu, {J. Y.} and T. Matsuo and Huang, {C. Y.} and Chou, {M. Y.} and J. Yue and M. Nishioka and H. Jin and Choi, {J. M.} and Chen, {S. P.} and Marty Chou and Tsai, {H. F.}",

year = "2022",

month = aug,

day = "16",

doi = "10.1029/2022GL099798",

language = "English",

volume = "49",

journal = "Geophysical Research Letters",

issn = "0094-8276",

publisher = "American Geophysical Union",

number = "15",

}

Rajesh, PK , Lin, CCH, Lin, JT, Lin, CY, Liu, JY, Matsuo, T, Huang, CY, Chou, MY, Yue, J, Nishioka, M, Jin, H, Choi, JM, Chen, SP, Chou, M & Tsai, HF 2022, 'Extreme Poleward Expanding Super Plasma Bubbles Over Asia-Pacific Region Triggered by Tonga Volcano Eruption During the Recovery-Phase of Geomagnetic Storm', Geophysical Research Letters, vol. 49, no. 15, e2022GL099798. https://doi.org/10.1029/2022GL099798

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T1 - Extreme Poleward Expanding Super Plasma Bubbles Over Asia-Pacific Region Triggered by Tonga Volcano Eruption During the Recovery-Phase of Geomagnetic Storm

AU - Rajesh, P. K.

AU - Lin, C. C.H.

AU - Lin, J. T.

AU - Lin, C. Y.

AU - Liu, J. Y.

AU - Matsuo, T.

AU - Huang, C. Y.

AU - Chou, M. Y.

AU - Yue, J.

AU - Nishioka, M.

AU - Jin, H.

AU - Choi, J. M.

AU - Chen, S. P.

AU - Chou, Marty

AU - Tsai, H. F.

PY - 2022/8/16

Y1 - 2022/8/16

N2 - The Tonga volcano eruption of 15 January 2022 unleashed a variety of atmospheric perturbations, coinciding with the recovery-phase of a geomagnetic storm. The ensuing thermospheric variations created rare display of extreme poleward-expanding conjugate plasma bubbles seen in the rate of total electron content index over 100–150°E, reaching ∼40°N geographic latitude. This is associated with fluctuations in FORMOSAT-7/COSMIC-2 (F7/C2) ion-density measurements and spread-F in ionograms. Preceding to this, an unusually strong pre-reversal enhancement (PRE) occurred in the global ionospheric specification (GIS) electron density profiles derived from F7/C2 observations. The GIS also revealed a decrease of equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) crest density due to the storm impact. Reduced E-region conductivity by volcano-induced waves and enhanced F-region wind, further accelerated by reduced ion-drag over the EIA, apparently intensified the PRE. Accompanied with the strong PRE, volcano-induced seed perturbations triggered the super plasma bubble activity.

AB - The Tonga volcano eruption of 15 January 2022 unleashed a variety of atmospheric perturbations, coinciding with the recovery-phase of a geomagnetic storm. The ensuing thermospheric variations created rare display of extreme poleward-expanding conjugate plasma bubbles seen in the rate of total electron content index over 100–150°E, reaching ∼40°N geographic latitude. This is associated with fluctuations in FORMOSAT-7/COSMIC-2 (F7/C2) ion-density measurements and spread-F in ionograms. Preceding to this, an unusually strong pre-reversal enhancement (PRE) occurred in the global ionospheric specification (GIS) electron density profiles derived from F7/C2 observations. The GIS also revealed a decrease of equatorial ionization anomaly (EIA) crest density due to the storm impact. Reduced E-region conductivity by volcano-induced waves and enhanced F-region wind, further accelerated by reduced ion-drag over the EIA, apparently intensified the PRE. Accompanied with the strong PRE, volcano-induced seed perturbations triggered the super plasma bubble activity.

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Extreme Poleward Expanding Super Plasma Bubbles Over Asia-Pacific Region Triggered by Tonga Volcano Eruption During the Recovery-Phase of Geomagnetic Storm

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