Factors Associated with Sex Hormones and Erectile Dysfunction in Male Taiwanese Participants with Obesity

Introduction: Obesity has been receiving an increasing amount of attention recently, but investigations regarding the potential impact of obesity, sexual behaviors, and sex hormones on erectile dysfunction (ED) in men have not completely clarified the association. Aim: To identify the relationship between ED, sexual behavior, sexual satisfaction, sex hormones, and obesity in older adult males in Taiwan. Methods: Data were obtained from a baseline survey of 476 older adult males (≧40 years old). Their demographic data, body mass index (BMI), sex hormones, sexual desire, sexual satisfaction, and ED status were assessed. Main Outcome Measures: The International Index of Erectile Function-5 (IIEF-5), Sexual Desire Inventory (SDI), and Sexual Satisfaction Scale (SSS) were used to assess ED, sexual desire, and sexual satisfaction. Results: In all, 476 men were available for analysis. The mean age of the sample was 51.34±7.84 years (range 40 to 70 years). The IIEF total score had a mean of 19.44±4.98; 264 (55.5%) subjects had ED, 250 (52.9%) were currently obese (BMI≧27), and 297 (62.4%) had metabolic syndrome. The results showed an increased risk of ED among obese men and subjects with lower levels of sex hormones and lower sexual desire. Testosterone levels were lower in subjects with obesity (P<0.001). Among the predictors of ED, obesity (odds ratio [OR]=1.62, 95% CI=1.07-2.44, P=0.021), abnormal high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) (OR=10.59, 95% CI=4.70-23.87, P<0.001), and lower serum full testosterone (OR=3.27, 95% CI=2.16-4.93, P<0.001) were significantly independent factors. Conclusions: This study supports the idea of a close relationship between low levels of sex hormones, sexual desire, sexual satisfaction, obesity, and ED, and also shows that low free testosterone and hs-CRP may predict ED, even in obese populations.