Abstract
For many years lead-free solders have been a topic of interest in the packaging industry. One possible substitute material among the lead-free solders is eutectic Sn-Bi alloy (42Sn-58Bi) which has a melting temperature of 139°C. Earlier studies have shown that the conventional 63Sn-37Pb solder can be replaced by eutectic Sn-Bi in some low temperature applications. A fluxless alternative to the conventional soldering method is successfully developed using Sn-Bi-Au multilayer composite. The essence of this fluxless bonding technique comes from the spontaneous in situ formation of a thin AuSn2 layer on the outer surface of the multilayer composite. This stable layer acts as a natural barrier against oxidation of the inner solder metals. The Sn-Bi-Au multilayer for bonding is prepared using a thermal evaporating vacuum chamber. The bonding temperature of this process ranges between 170°C and 180°C. The resulting as-solidified joint is made up of eutectic Sn-Bi alloy with small grains of AuSn2 imbedded inside the solder. Sn-Bi joint cross-sections are examined to determine the quality of the joints. The process is found to be effective. SEM and EDX systems are used to examine the joint cross-section. The SEM images shows a uniform joint thickness of approximately 5μm. They also show the joint microstructure, exhibiting the usual lamellar structure of eutectic Sn-Bi alloy. EDX analysis also indicates the separation of the darker Sn-rich regions and the brighter Bi-rich regions. The fluxless feature, lead-free nature and processing temperature range of this bonding technique are particularly valuable for packaging photonic, optoelectronic, fiber optic, and MEMS devices and components.
Original language | English |
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Pages (from-to) | 486-488 |
Number of pages | 3 |
Journal | Proceedings - Electronic Components and Technology Conference |
Publication status | Published - 2001 |
Event | 51st Electronic Components and Technology Conference - Orlando, FL, United States Duration: 2001 May 29 → 2001 Jun 1 |
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering