Glucocorticoid upregulates Na-K-ATPase α- and β-mRNA via an indirect mechanism in proximal tubule cell primary cultures

Adrenalectomy leads to the decline in the levels of renal Na-K-adenosinetriphosphatase (Na-K-ATPase) α- and β-subunit protein and mRNA. Both α- and β-mRNA, however, return to the control level within 1 h after corticosterone administration. Whether or not glucocorticoid acts directly on a specific segment of nephron to upregulate Na-K-ATPase has not been determined. Studies were undertaken in an attempt to elucidate this problem. Using primary cultures of renal proximal tubules, we found that 24-h treatment with dexamethasone augmented Na-K-ATPase activity and induced coordinate increase of α- and β-protein and mRNA abundance dependent on the doses in the range of 10^-8 to 10^-6 M. We further demonstrated that 24-h incubation of dexamethasone (10^-7 M) enhanced Na-K-ATPase activity by 58 ± 14%, α- and β-protein abundance by 70 ± 18 and 51 ± 10%, and α- and β-mRNA levels by 87 ± 12 and 62 ± 11%, respectively. The time course studies revealed that significant increase of Na-K-ATPase activity and α- and β-protein abundance was reached within 8 h, and enhancement of α- and β-mRNA abundance was reached within 4 h of dexamethasone treatment. Pretreatment of cultured proximal tubule cells with cycloheximide (20 μg/ml) completely inhibited dexamethasone-induced increase of Na-K-ATPase α- and β-mRNA. Our results indicate that dexamethasone upregulates Na-K-ATPase in proximal tubule cells via pretranslational mechanisms, which may be mediated by proteins.