Immobilization of antibodies and bacterial binding on nanodiamond and carbon nanotubes for biosensor applications

High specific anti-Salmonella and anti-Staphylococcus aureus antibodies can be immobilized on hydrophobic and hydrophilic nanodiamond and carbon-nanotube coated silicon substrates. The efficacy of antibody immobilization was evaluated by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the bacterial binding efficiency was analyzed by SEM pictures. The immobilization efficacy of both antibodies and bacterial binding efficiency on air plasma treated nanodiamond are better than those of the hydrogen plasma treated. The results of antibody immobilization and S. aureus binding on the surfaces of hydrophobic and hydrophilic carbon nanotubes showed significant differences. The bacteria binding ability on hydrophilic carbon nanotubes is higher than hydrophobic carbon nanotubes.