Improving stability and efficiency of three-dimensional perovskite solar cells with organophosphorus ligands

The core density of the defects in perovskite thin films will directly affect the properties of perovskite solar cells. On the other hand, interface engineering is usually being used to effectively improve the quality of perovskite thin films. In this sought of work, MAPbI₃ perovskite thin films were modified by an antisolvent process using trioctylphosphine as a passivator. Trioctylphosphine is a kind of Lewis base and from the experimental results, it is noticed on being contribute to MAPbI₃ grain growth and grain boundary passivation. Due to the grain boundary passivation and grain size increase, the intense defect density inside the grain and at the grain boundary of the MAPbI₃ films is gradually reduced, thereby improving the carrier lifetime, while the hydrophobic property of octyl alkane makes the perovskite thin films less susceptible to air, water and oxygen degraded by the influence. The solar cell which are using the proposed films with the device structure configuration as ITO/SnO₂/MAPbI₃/spiro-OMeTAD/Ag and the perovskite layers were modified with trioctylphosphine. Among them, the perovskite thin films showcased to have a best performance when the trioctylphosphine chlorobenzene solution was about 0.15% and the PCE of the device reached for about 12.17%, an increase of 10% was compared with the standard device. In addition, the modified device exhibits good environmental stability, retaining about 90% of the initial efficiency for 100 h in a 70% humidity environment.