Introduction

This chapter sets the stage for a comprehensive exploration of sustainable energy materials within the framework of a circular economy, which emerges as a pivotal model for achieving net-zero emissions. Throughout this chapter we can understand the critical interrelationship between the circular economy and net-zero emissions in terms of sustainable management of resources through minimizing waste and promoting continuous reuse and recycling. To reduce CO2 emission, carbon capture and mineral carbonation are important, followed by innovative technologies and green energy sources such as biomass, hydrogen energy, and solar energy to replace the fuel source. Moreover, the role of recycling in reducing environmental impacts and preserving critical resources is emphasized.