TY - JOUR
T1 - Life cycle assessment of alternative energy types – including hydrogen – for public city buses in Taiwan
AU - Chang, Ching Chih
AU - Liao, Yi Ting
AU - Chang, Yu Wei
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors are grateful to the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan , for providing partial funding for this research under contract number MOST 105-2410-H-006-053-MY2 and MOST 107-2410-H-006-076 .
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Hydrogen Energy Publications LLC
PY - 2019/7/5
Y1 - 2019/7/5
N2 - Human activities have exacerbated the global greenhouse effect, resulting in extreme climate changes that have caused disasters and food and water shortages in recent years. Transportation is one of the main causes of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emission. Therefore, policy makers must develop feasible strategies to reduce GHG emission. One of Taiwan's policy is to replace traditional diesel fuel urban buses with alternative energy buses. This paper uses a case study of city bus route No. 2 in Tainan City following the international standard ISO/TS 14067:2013 to measure the carbon footprint of different energy buses. The bus carbon footprints measured from high to low as: LNG buses, 63.14 g CO2e/pkm; traditional diesel buses, 54.6 g CO2e/pkm; liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) buses, 47.4 g CO2e/pkm; plug-in electric buses, 37.82 g CO2e/pkm, and hydrogen fuel cell buses, 29.17 g CO2e/pkm. If all urban area public buses in Taiwan were switched to hydrogen fuel cell buses, this would reduce CO2e footprint by 227,832.39 t annually. This reduction is equivalent to planting 22.78 million trees.
AB - Human activities have exacerbated the global greenhouse effect, resulting in extreme climate changes that have caused disasters and food and water shortages in recent years. Transportation is one of the main causes of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emission. Therefore, policy makers must develop feasible strategies to reduce GHG emission. One of Taiwan's policy is to replace traditional diesel fuel urban buses with alternative energy buses. This paper uses a case study of city bus route No. 2 in Tainan City following the international standard ISO/TS 14067:2013 to measure the carbon footprint of different energy buses. The bus carbon footprints measured from high to low as: LNG buses, 63.14 g CO2e/pkm; traditional diesel buses, 54.6 g CO2e/pkm; liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) buses, 47.4 g CO2e/pkm; plug-in electric buses, 37.82 g CO2e/pkm, and hydrogen fuel cell buses, 29.17 g CO2e/pkm. If all urban area public buses in Taiwan were switched to hydrogen fuel cell buses, this would reduce CO2e footprint by 227,832.39 t annually. This reduction is equivalent to planting 22.78 million trees.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85066794147&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85066794147&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.05.073
DO - 10.1016/j.ijhydene.2019.05.073
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85066794147
SN - 0360-3199
VL - 44
SP - 18472
EP - 18482
JO - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
JF - International Journal of Hydrogen Energy
IS - 33
ER -
