New fault-tolerant modular tree architecture

The authors propose a new fault-tolerant modular tree scheme the architecture of which is constructed by fault-tolerant modules (FTMs). Each FTM contains three active nodes and one local spare node to construct a bilevel subtree. All FTMs are interconnected to form the proposed system architecture. The major characteristic of our proposed scheme is that any FTM can use its own local spare node and one remote spare node, supplied from other FTMs, to replace the faulty nodes in the FTM. Moreover, the remote spare node to an FTM can be obtained from any one of the multiple paths so that the possibility of any FTM obtaining a remote spare node increases. Analysis presented in this paper shows out design to be more efficient in its use of redundancy than other schemes. In addition, the proposed scheme is using the modular reconfiguration algorithm to reconfigure faulty nodes in the system.