PePIF1, a PIF-like transposable element identified in protocorm-like bodies of phalaenopsis orchids

Chia Chi Hsu, Hong Hwa Chen

Research output: Chapter in Book/Report/Conference proceedingChapter

Abstract

Orchids produce a colorless protocorm by symbiosis with fungi upon seed germination. For mass production of orchids, the prevailing approaches are both generation of protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) from callus and multiplication of adventitious buds on inflorescence. However, somaclonal variations occur during micropropagation. We have isolated the two most expressed transposable elements belonging to P Instability Factor (PIF)-like transposons. Among them, a potential autonomous element has been identified by similarity analysis against the whole-genome sequence of Phalaenopsis equestris and named PePIF1. It contains a 19-bp terminal inverted repeat flanked by a 3-bp target site duplication and two coding regions encoding Open Reading Frame 1 (ORF1)-and transposase-like proteins. Phylogenetic analysis has revealed that PePIF1 belongs to a new P-lineage of PIF. Furthermore, two distinct families, PePIF1a and PePIF1b, with 29 and 37 putative autonomous elements, respectively, have been isolated, along with more than 3,000 non-autonomous and miniature inverted-repeat transposable element (MITE)-like elements. Among them, 828 PePIF1-related elements have been inserted in 771 predicted genes. Intriguingly, PePIF1 has been transposed in the somaclonal variants of Phalaenopsis cultivars, as revealed by transposon display, and the newly inserted genes have been identified and sequenced. A PIF-like element, PePIF1, has been identified in the Phalaenopsis genome and actively transposed during micropropagation. With the identification of PePIF1, we have more understanding of the Phalaenopsis genome structure and somaclonal variations during micropropagation for use in orchid breeding and production.

Original languageEnglish
Title of host publicationOrchid Biotechnology Iv
PublisherWorld Scientific Publishing Co. Pte Ltd
Pages289-325
Number of pages37
ISBN (Electronic)9789811217777
ISBN (Print)9789811217760
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2021 Mar 23

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
  • General Biochemistry,Genetics and Molecular Biology

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