Abstract
Orchids produce a colorless protocorm by symbiosis with fungi upon seed germination. For mass production of orchids, the prevailing approaches are both generation of protocorm-like bodies (PLBs) from callus and multiplication of adventitious buds on inflorescence. However, somaclonal variations occur during micropropagation. We have isolated the two most expressed transposable elements belonging to P Instability Factor (PIF)-like transposons. Among them, a potential autonomous element has been identified by similarity analysis against the whole-genome sequence of Phalaenopsis equestris and named PePIF1. It contains a 19-bp terminal inverted repeat flanked by a 3-bp target site duplication and two coding regions encoding Open Reading Frame 1 (ORF1)-and transposase-like proteins. Phylogenetic analysis has revealed that PePIF1 belongs to a new P-lineage of PIF. Furthermore, two distinct families, PePIF1a and PePIF1b, with 29 and 37 putative autonomous elements, respectively, have been isolated, along with more than 3,000 non-autonomous and miniature inverted-repeat transposable element (MITE)-like elements. Among them, 828 PePIF1-related elements have been inserted in 771 predicted genes. Intriguingly, PePIF1 has been transposed in the somaclonal variants of Phalaenopsis cultivars, as revealed by transposon display, and the newly inserted genes have been identified and sequenced. A PIF-like element, PePIF1, has been identified in the Phalaenopsis genome and actively transposed during micropropagation. With the identification of PePIF1, we have more understanding of the Phalaenopsis genome structure and somaclonal variations during micropropagation for use in orchid breeding and production.
Original language | English |
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Title of host publication | Orchid Biotechnology Iv |
Publisher | World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte Ltd |
Pages | 289-325 |
Number of pages | 37 |
ISBN (Electronic) | 9789811217777 |
ISBN (Print) | 9789811217760 |
DOIs | |
Publication status | Published - 2021 Mar 23 |
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
- General Biochemistry,Genetics and Molecular Biology