TY - JOUR
T1 - PM2.5 components and outpatient visits for asthma
T2 - A time-stratified case-crossover study in a suburban area
AU - Jung, Chau Ren
AU - Young, Li Hao
AU - Hsu, Hui Tsung
AU - Lin, Ming Yeng
AU - Chen, Yu Cheng
AU - Hwang, Bing Fang
AU - Tsai, Perng Jy
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2017 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2017
Y1 - 2017
N2 - The effects of fine particles (PM2.5) on asthma have been widely confirmed by epidemiological research studies. However, a limited number of studies have investigated the relationship between exposure to different PM2.5 components and asthma. We characterized the PM2.5 components in a suburban site of central Taiwan and conducted a time-stratified case-crossover study to elaborate the effects of daily concentration of each PM2.5 component on asthma outpatient visits. We retrieved asthma outpatient claims for individuals less than 20 years old with a residential address in the Shalu district, Taiwan, from the National Health Insurance Research Database during 2000–2010. Multiple linear regression models were used to back extrapolate the historic concentration of individual components of PM2.5 from 2000 through to 2010, including black carbon (BC) and eight ions, namely, sulfate, nitrate (NO3−), ammonium, chloride, potassium (K+), magnesium, calcium, sodium. The odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of individual PM2.5 components on asthma was estimated by conditional logistic regression. A total of 887 asthma outpatient visits with individuals who have an average age of 7.96±3.88 years were selected. After adjusting for confounders, we found an interquartile range (IQR) increase in BC level, an IQR increase in NO3− level, and an IQR increase in K+ level that were all associated with the increased risk of asthma outpatient visits from the current day (OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.05–1.34; OR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.01–1.21; and OR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.04–1.30, respectively). The effects of these components on asthma were stronger in the cold season than in the warm season. However, we did not find any lagging effects. The results suggest that exposure to NO3−, BC, and K+ derived from industry-related combustion or motor vehicles emission sources may increase the risk of asthma outpatient visits, particularly during the cold season.
AB - The effects of fine particles (PM2.5) on asthma have been widely confirmed by epidemiological research studies. However, a limited number of studies have investigated the relationship between exposure to different PM2.5 components and asthma. We characterized the PM2.5 components in a suburban site of central Taiwan and conducted a time-stratified case-crossover study to elaborate the effects of daily concentration of each PM2.5 component on asthma outpatient visits. We retrieved asthma outpatient claims for individuals less than 20 years old with a residential address in the Shalu district, Taiwan, from the National Health Insurance Research Database during 2000–2010. Multiple linear regression models were used to back extrapolate the historic concentration of individual components of PM2.5 from 2000 through to 2010, including black carbon (BC) and eight ions, namely, sulfate, nitrate (NO3−), ammonium, chloride, potassium (K+), magnesium, calcium, sodium. The odds ratio (OR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) of individual PM2.5 components on asthma was estimated by conditional logistic regression. A total of 887 asthma outpatient visits with individuals who have an average age of 7.96±3.88 years were selected. After adjusting for confounders, we found an interquartile range (IQR) increase in BC level, an IQR increase in NO3− level, and an IQR increase in K+ level that were all associated with the increased risk of asthma outpatient visits from the current day (OR = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.05–1.34; OR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.01–1.21; and OR = 1.16, 95% CI: 1.04–1.30, respectively). The effects of these components on asthma were stronger in the cold season than in the warm season. However, we did not find any lagging effects. The results suggest that exposure to NO3−, BC, and K+ derived from industry-related combustion or motor vehicles emission sources may increase the risk of asthma outpatient visits, particularly during the cold season.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.08.102
DO - 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.08.102
M3 - Article
C2 - 28922715
AN - SCOPUS:85029183672
SN - 0269-7491
VL - 231
SP - 1085
EP - 1092
JO - Environmental Pollution
JF - Environmental Pollution
ER -