Prediction 1: short-term prediction of extreme waves

Freak waves appear not only in the deep ocean but also on the coast. Predicting the occurrence of both types of freak waves is important for preventing shipwrecks or human casualties. This chapter presents the operational implementation of predicting occurrence probabilities of deepwater freak waves based on nonlinear wave theory, as well as the development of prediction models using machine learning methods of artificial intelligence technology to predict the occurrence probabilities of coastal freak waves at a given location. Both prediction models are in operational testing in Taiwan.