Strong correlation between optical properties and mechanism in deficiency of normalized self-assembly ZnO nanorods

Feng Ming Chang; Sanjaya Brahma; Jing Heng Huang; Zong Zhe Wu; Kuang Yao Lo

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-37601-8

Strong correlation between optical properties and mechanism in deficiency of normalized self-assembly ZnO nanorods

Feng Ming Chang, Sanjaya Brahma, Jing Heng Huang, Zong Zhe Wu, Kuang Yao Lo

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

146 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Although, post annealing is an efficient way to annihilate/restructure deficiencies in self-assembly (SA) ZnO nanorods (ZNRs), the detailed investigation about the surface properties of annealed SA-ZNRs is a long standing issue and the major discrepancy is mainly due to single step annealing. We demonstrate the strategic two step annealing process to create reliable structural configuration in SA-ZNRs during the first round of annealing at 800 °C in vacuum (VA process), and create intrinsic defects in the second step of annealing in oxygen rich atmosphere (OA process) to correlate the formation of the defects related to green/orange-red emission. SA-ZNRs annealed in VA-OA processes reveal positive correlations between the oxygen flow rate and formation of oxygen interstitials (O_i) and zinc vacancies (V_Zn). The OA-VA processes exhibit the relation of residual O_i and additional V_o. According to VA-OA and OA-VA processes, we propose that the green emission in ZnO annealed in oxygen poor/rich condition is mainly due to the formation of V_o/V_Zn and annealing at oxygen rich condition creates O_i that lead to strong orange-red emission. Rather than O1s, we propose a reliable method by considering the peak shift of Zn2p in XPS to inspect the ZnO matrix, which has good interdependence with the characteristics of PL.

Original language	English
Article number	905
Journal	Scientific reports
Volume	9
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-018-37601-8
Publication status	Published - 2019 Dec 1

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title = "Strong correlation between optical properties and mechanism in deficiency of normalized self-assembly ZnO nanorods",

abstract = "Although, post annealing is an efficient way to annihilate/restructure deficiencies in self-assembly (SA) ZnO nanorods (ZNRs), the detailed investigation about the surface properties of annealed SA-ZNRs is a long standing issue and the major discrepancy is mainly due to single step annealing. We demonstrate the strategic two step annealing process to create reliable structural configuration in SA-ZNRs during the first round of annealing at 800 °C in vacuum (VA process), and create intrinsic defects in the second step of annealing in oxygen rich atmosphere (OA process) to correlate the formation of the defects related to green/orange-red emission. SA-ZNRs annealed in VA-OA processes reveal positive correlations between the oxygen flow rate and formation of oxygen interstitials (Oi) and zinc vacancies (VZn). The OA-VA processes exhibit the relation of residual Oi and additional Vo. According to VA-OA and OA-VA processes, we propose that the green emission in ZnO annealed in oxygen poor/rich condition is mainly due to the formation of Vo/VZn and annealing at oxygen rich condition creates Oi that lead to strong orange-red emission. Rather than O1s, we propose a reliable method by considering the peak shift of Zn2p in XPS to inspect the ZnO matrix, which has good interdependence with the characteristics of PL.",

author = "Chang, {Feng Ming} and Sanjaya Brahma and Huang, {Jing Heng} and Wu, {Zong Zhe} and Lo, {Kuang Yao}",

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AU - Brahma, Sanjaya

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AU - Lo, Kuang Yao

PY - 2019/12/1

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AB - Although, post annealing is an efficient way to annihilate/restructure deficiencies in self-assembly (SA) ZnO nanorods (ZNRs), the detailed investigation about the surface properties of annealed SA-ZNRs is a long standing issue and the major discrepancy is mainly due to single step annealing. We demonstrate the strategic two step annealing process to create reliable structural configuration in SA-ZNRs during the first round of annealing at 800 °C in vacuum (VA process), and create intrinsic defects in the second step of annealing in oxygen rich atmosphere (OA process) to correlate the formation of the defects related to green/orange-red emission. SA-ZNRs annealed in VA-OA processes reveal positive correlations between the oxygen flow rate and formation of oxygen interstitials (Oi) and zinc vacancies (VZn). The OA-VA processes exhibit the relation of residual Oi and additional Vo. According to VA-OA and OA-VA processes, we propose that the green emission in ZnO annealed in oxygen poor/rich condition is mainly due to the formation of Vo/VZn and annealing at oxygen rich condition creates Oi that lead to strong orange-red emission. Rather than O1s, we propose a reliable method by considering the peak shift of Zn2p in XPS to inspect the ZnO matrix, which has good interdependence with the characteristics of PL.

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Strong correlation between optical properties and mechanism in deficiency of normalized self-assembly ZnO nanorods

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