The feasibility of anterior 180° ^99m Tc-sestamibi parathyroid SPECT/CT

Objective: For ^99mTc-sestamibi parathyroid single photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT), the traditional full-arc 360° acquisition technique has been suggested but not the theoretically low tissue-attenuated anterior 180° method. We aimed to compare the diagnostic performances and target-to-background ratios of anterior 180° and 360° SPECT/CT imaging. Methods: Ninety-nine patients who underwent ^99mTc-sestamibi scintigraphy and received a surgical–pathological diagnosis of parathyroid adenoma or hyperplasia were enrolled. The SPECT/CT reconstructed images with anterior 180° and full-arc 360° data were interpreted by two physicians using a scoring scale, and the lesions were semi-quantified using target-to-background ratios for both image sets. Results: In total, 113 abnormal parathyroid lesions were identified on the SPECT/CT images. The agreements of interpretation between the two image sets and readers were very good (κ value: 0.83–1.00). The accuracies of summative interpretation for the anterior 180° and full-arc 360° SPECT/CT were 83.04% and 82.46%, respectively. The target-to-background ratios were significantly higher for the anterior 180° than the full-arc 360° images (P < 0.01). Conclusions: The anterior 180° SPECT/CT technique, a time-saving method, can provide satisfactory diagnostic performance and superior lesion contrast compared with the full-arc 360° SPECT/CT technique in ^99mTc-sestamibi parathyroid imaging.