TY - JOUR
T1 - The Influencing Factors for Volume Stability of Ladle Slag
AU - Lu, Tung Hsuan
AU - Chen, Ying Liang
AU - Wang, Hong Paul
AU - Chang, Juu En
N1 - Funding Information:
Acknowledgments: The authors gratefully acknowledge the help of the laboratory and the Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan for its financial support of this study (contract number: 107-2221-E-006-010).
Funding Information:
Funding: This research was funded by the Ministry of Science and Technology, grant number 107-2221-E-006-010.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2022/1
Y1 - 2022/1
N2 - The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism causing the unsoundness of ladle slag. Calcination temperature may have an impact on the level of reactivity of f-CaO. When CaO was produced at a higher temperature, the reactivity of CaO was lower. For example, dead burnt CaO (DCaO) was produced at higher temperatures than light burnt CaO (LCaO); therefore, DCaO had less reactivity than LCaO. In a hydration test, DCaO (1500◦C) showed 62 times lower reactivity than LCaO (900◦C), which meant that DCaO would result in the delay of hydration of CaO easily. Additionally, DCaO would cause unsoundness more easily than LCaO when adding the same number of cementitious materials. For this reason, using ASTM C114-18 (Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic Cement) to quantify DCaO content may underestimate DCaO content by up to 20%. Conversely, this method was more suitable for f-CaO since it had high reactivity. Moreover, this study demonstrated that ladle slag would cause unsoundness when added into the cementitious material because it was produced from a higher temperature process (over 1500◦C), which generates the DCaO. Therefore, when reusing ladle slag, the problem of low reactivity of DCaO should be considered.
AB - The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanism causing the unsoundness of ladle slag. Calcination temperature may have an impact on the level of reactivity of f-CaO. When CaO was produced at a higher temperature, the reactivity of CaO was lower. For example, dead burnt CaO (DCaO) was produced at higher temperatures than light burnt CaO (LCaO); therefore, DCaO had less reactivity than LCaO. In a hydration test, DCaO (1500◦C) showed 62 times lower reactivity than LCaO (900◦C), which meant that DCaO would result in the delay of hydration of CaO easily. Additionally, DCaO would cause unsoundness more easily than LCaO when adding the same number of cementitious materials. For this reason, using ASTM C114-18 (Standard Test Methods for Chemical Analysis of Hydraulic Cement) to quantify DCaO content may underestimate DCaO content by up to 20%. Conversely, this method was more suitable for f-CaO since it had high reactivity. Moreover, this study demonstrated that ladle slag would cause unsoundness when added into the cementitious material because it was produced from a higher temperature process (over 1500◦C), which generates the DCaO. Therefore, when reusing ladle slag, the problem of low reactivity of DCaO should be considered.
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U2 - 10.3390/pr10010092
DO - 10.3390/pr10010092
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85122239052
SN - 2227-9717
VL - 10
JO - Processes
JF - Processes
IS - 1
M1 - 92
ER -