The joint effect of long-term exposure to multiple air pollutants on non-accidental and cause-specific mortality: A longitudinal cohort study

Xianglin Wei, Kin Fai Ho, Tsung Yu, Changqing Lin, Ly yun Chang, Dezhong Chen, Tony Tam, Bo Huang, Alexis K.H. Lau, Xiang Qian Lao

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

3 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

The long-term joint impacts of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and ozone (O3) on mortality are inconclusive. To bridge this research gap, we included 283,568 adults from the Taiwan MJ cohort between 2005 and 2016 and linked with the mortality data until 31 May 2019. Participants’ annual average exposures to PM2.5, NO2, and O3 were estimated using satellite-based spatial-temporal models. We applied elastic net-regularised Cox models to construct a weighted environmental risk score (WERS) for the joint effects of three pollutants on non-accidental, cardiovascular, and cancer mortality and evaluated the contribution of each pollutant. The three pollutants jointly raised non-accidental mortality risk with a WERS hazard ratio (HR) of 1.186 (95% CI: 1.118–1.259) per standard deviation increase in each pollutant and weights of 72.8%, 15.2%, and 12.0% for PM2.5, NO2, and O3, respectively. The WERS increased cardiovascular death risk [HR: 1.248 (1.042–1.496)], with PM2.5 as the first contributor and O3 as the second. The WERS also elevated the cancer death risk [HR: 1.173 (1.083–1.270)], where PM2.5 played the dominant role and NO2 ranked second. Coordinated control of these three pollutants can optimise the health benefits of air quality improvements.

Original languageEnglish
Article number134507
JournalJournal of Hazardous Materials
Volume472
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 2024 Jul 5

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Environmental Engineering
  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Waste Management and Disposal
  • Pollution
  • Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis

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