The relationship between ethylene and orchid ovule development

Orchids are known for their unique reproductive biology and ecological strategies. One of the remarkable reproductive characters of most orchid species is that ovule development is precisely initiated following pollination. Thus, orchids are attractive systems for investigating both the initiation and subsequent development of the ovule. Ethylene plays a critical role in ovary maturation and ovule differentiation in orchids. Genes corresponding to ethylene biosynthesis in orchid reproductive organs have been identified and characterized. The phosphorylation states of proteins involved in ethylene biosynthesis or ethylene signaling may be correlated with ovule development. Recently, an orchid GLOBOSA-like MADS-box gene was isolated from Phalaenopsis and shown to have a role in ovule development via auxin/ethylene signaling. Adopting functional genomics strategies will help us to get insights into the regulation network between the ethylene signaling pathway and the ovule developmental program in orchids.