TY - JOUR
T1 - Toxic effects of cholelitholytic solvents on gallbladder and liver - A piglet model study
AU - Chen, Chiung Yu
AU - Chang, Kuo Kuan
AU - Chow, Nan Hwa
AU - Leow, Tay Chen
AU - Chou, Tse Chuan
AU - Lin, Xi Zhang
PY - 1995/2
Y1 - 1995/2
N2 - We evaluated the toxic effects of four currently used chemolytic solvents-dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, 99%), ethyl propionate (EP, 99%), tetrasodium ethyl-dimethyl tetraacetate (4Na-EDTA, 2%, pH 11), and methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE, purity=99.5%) in an animal model. Each solvent was tested in nine farm piglets (Landrace), weighing between 20 and 25 kg. A solvent-resistant catheter was inserted transhepatically into the gallbladder (GB) using sonographic guidance 24 hr prior to each experiment. Seventy-five milliliters of each solvent was infused over 3 hr into the gallbladder. The following day, a laparotomy was performed in order to assess for possible damage to the liver, GB, bile ducts (BD), or intestines. The GB and liver were resected and their histology examined. The following pathologic grades were assigned to GB, BD, and liver specimens to describe the tissue damage: normal (0), mild (1), moderate (2), and severe (3). We found that DMSO had the highest score on gallbladder and bile duct injury (49, 3), followed by EP (36, 2), EDTA (14, 1) and MTBE (16, 0), respectively; the difference in gallbladder damage was statistically significant. Very mild hepatocyte damage was present in the DMSO (2) and MTBE (2) groups. The administration of EP and EDTA resulted in no liver injury at all. Piglets within each treatment group suffered from varying degrees of tissue injury. No deaths were attributed to the administered solvents. We concluded that DMSO, EP, EDTA, and MTBE do not have serious local toxic effect on the GB, BD, and intestine; nor do they lead to severe hepatotoxicity. The adverse effects of these solvents depend upon the particular agent used as well as the inherent susceptibility to toxicity. Hence, if these agents are administered in clinical practice, patients should be monitored for the possible serious side effects.
AB - We evaluated the toxic effects of four currently used chemolytic solvents-dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO, 99%), ethyl propionate (EP, 99%), tetrasodium ethyl-dimethyl tetraacetate (4Na-EDTA, 2%, pH 11), and methyl tert-butyl ether (MTBE, purity=99.5%) in an animal model. Each solvent was tested in nine farm piglets (Landrace), weighing between 20 and 25 kg. A solvent-resistant catheter was inserted transhepatically into the gallbladder (GB) using sonographic guidance 24 hr prior to each experiment. Seventy-five milliliters of each solvent was infused over 3 hr into the gallbladder. The following day, a laparotomy was performed in order to assess for possible damage to the liver, GB, bile ducts (BD), or intestines. The GB and liver were resected and their histology examined. The following pathologic grades were assigned to GB, BD, and liver specimens to describe the tissue damage: normal (0), mild (1), moderate (2), and severe (3). We found that DMSO had the highest score on gallbladder and bile duct injury (49, 3), followed by EP (36, 2), EDTA (14, 1) and MTBE (16, 0), respectively; the difference in gallbladder damage was statistically significant. Very mild hepatocyte damage was present in the DMSO (2) and MTBE (2) groups. The administration of EP and EDTA resulted in no liver injury at all. Piglets within each treatment group suffered from varying degrees of tissue injury. No deaths were attributed to the administered solvents. We concluded that DMSO, EP, EDTA, and MTBE do not have serious local toxic effect on the GB, BD, and intestine; nor do they lead to severe hepatotoxicity. The adverse effects of these solvents depend upon the particular agent used as well as the inherent susceptibility to toxicity. Hence, if these agents are administered in clinical practice, patients should be monitored for the possible serious side effects.
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U2 - 10.1007/BF02065431
DO - 10.1007/BF02065431
M3 - Article
C2 - 7851209
AN - SCOPUS:0028847932
SN - 0163-2116
VL - 40
SP - 419
EP - 426
JO - Digestive Diseases and Sciences
JF - Digestive Diseases and Sciences
IS - 2
ER -