Transforming growth factor beta 1 mediates the low-frequency vertical vibration enhanced production of tenomodulin and type i collagen in rat Achilles tendon

Chia Hsin Chen; Yi Hsiung Lin; Chung Hwan Chen; Yan Hsiung Wang; Ming Long Yeh; Tsung Lin Cheng; Chau Zen Wang

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0205258

Transforming growth factor beta 1 mediates the low-frequency vertical vibration enhanced production of tenomodulin and type i collagen in rat Achilles tendon

Chia Hsin Chen, Yi Hsiung Lin, Chung Hwan Chen, Yan Hsiung Wang, Ming Long Yeh, Tsung Lin Cheng, Chau Zen Wang

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

10 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Vertical vibration (VV) is a whole-body vibration with mechanical loading that commonly used in rehabilitation and sports training to increase athlete muscle strength. Our previous study showed that low-magnitude, low-frequency VV at 8 Hz and 10 Hz increased myoblast myogenesis. Herein, we investigated whether a VV frequency at low-frequency 5-10 Hz has anabolic effects on tenocytes and improves tendon stiffness. In primary tenocytes, 10 Hz VV treatment increased the tenogenic marker gene expression of tenomodulin and extracellular matrix type I collagen but decreased decorin expression. qPCR and Enzyme- Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) results showed that TGF-β1 expression was increased in tenocytes after 3 days of 10 Hz VV treatment in vitro and in Achilles tendons after 3 weeks in vivo. Tenomodulin expression and Achilles tendon stiffness were significantly increased in Achilles tendons after 3 weeks in vivo. We also showed that the TGF-β1 receptor inhibitor SB431542 (10 μM) decreased the expression of tenomodulin and type I collagen but increased the decorin expression in tenocytes. These results indicated that the 10 Hz VV stimulated anabolic effects in tenocytes by increasing TGF-β1 expression that subsequently increases the expression of tenomodulin and type I collagen, and increased the Achilles tendon stiffness. This study provides insight into the low-frequency 10 Hz VV treatment improves tendon properties and can minimizes the risk of ligament/tendon reinjure during rehabilitation.

Original language	English
Article number	e0205258
Journal	PloS one
Volume	13
Issue number	10
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0205258
Publication status	Published - 2018 Oct

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@article{8bfa89b6a106482fbeb3e1e5a6ade052,

title = "Transforming growth factor beta 1 mediates the low-frequency vertical vibration enhanced production of tenomodulin and type i collagen in rat Achilles tendon",

abstract = "Vertical vibration (VV) is a whole-body vibration with mechanical loading that commonly used in rehabilitation and sports training to increase athlete muscle strength. Our previous study showed that low-magnitude, low-frequency VV at 8 Hz and 10 Hz increased myoblast myogenesis. Herein, we investigated whether a VV frequency at low-frequency 5-10 Hz has anabolic effects on tenocytes and improves tendon stiffness. In primary tenocytes, 10 Hz VV treatment increased the tenogenic marker gene expression of tenomodulin and extracellular matrix type I collagen but decreased decorin expression. qPCR and Enzyme- Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) results showed that TGF-β1 expression was increased in tenocytes after 3 days of 10 Hz VV treatment in vitro and in Achilles tendons after 3 weeks in vivo. Tenomodulin expression and Achilles tendon stiffness were significantly increased in Achilles tendons after 3 weeks in vivo. We also showed that the TGF-β1 receptor inhibitor SB431542 (10 μM) decreased the expression of tenomodulin and type I collagen but increased the decorin expression in tenocytes. These results indicated that the 10 Hz VV stimulated anabolic effects in tenocytes by increasing TGF-β1 expression that subsequently increases the expression of tenomodulin and type I collagen, and increased the Achilles tendon stiffness. This study provides insight into the low-frequency 10 Hz VV treatment improves tendon properties and can minimizes the risk of ligament/tendon reinjure during rehabilitation.",

author = "Chen, {Chia Hsin} and Lin, {Yi Hsiung} and Chen, {Chung Hwan} and Wang, {Yan Hsiung} and Yeh, {Ming Long} and Cheng, {Tsung Lin} and Wang, {Chau Zen}",

note = "Funding Information: This work was supported by a grant from the Ministry of Science and Technology (https:// www.most.gov.tw) Grant number: MOST 105- 2320-B-037 -017 -MY3 and MOST 106-2314-B- 037 -050 -MY3 (C-ZW) and Ministry of Health and Welfare, Grant number: MOHW106-TDU-B-212- 113006 and MOHW107-TDU-B-212-123006 (C- HC). This study was supported by Orthopaedic Research Center in Kaohsiung Medical University for the research resource and equipment. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 Chen et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.",

year = "2018",

month = oct,

doi = "10.1371/journal.pone.0205258",

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T1 - Transforming growth factor beta 1 mediates the low-frequency vertical vibration enhanced production of tenomodulin and type i collagen in rat Achilles tendon

AU - Chen, Chia Hsin

AU - Lin, Yi Hsiung

AU - Chen, Chung Hwan

AU - Wang, Yan Hsiung

AU - Yeh, Ming Long

AU - Cheng, Tsung Lin

AU - Wang, Chau Zen

N1 - Funding Information: This work was supported by a grant from the Ministry of Science and Technology (https:// www.most.gov.tw) Grant number: MOST 105- 2320-B-037 -017 -MY3 and MOST 106-2314-B- 037 -050 -MY3 (C-ZW) and Ministry of Health and Welfare, Grant number: MOHW106-TDU-B-212- 113006 and MOHW107-TDU-B-212-123006 (C- HC). This study was supported by Orthopaedic Research Center in Kaohsiung Medical University for the research resource and equipment. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Publisher Copyright: © 2018 Chen et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

PY - 2018/10

Y1 - 2018/10

N2 - Vertical vibration (VV) is a whole-body vibration with mechanical loading that commonly used in rehabilitation and sports training to increase athlete muscle strength. Our previous study showed that low-magnitude, low-frequency VV at 8 Hz and 10 Hz increased myoblast myogenesis. Herein, we investigated whether a VV frequency at low-frequency 5-10 Hz has anabolic effects on tenocytes and improves tendon stiffness. In primary tenocytes, 10 Hz VV treatment increased the tenogenic marker gene expression of tenomodulin and extracellular matrix type I collagen but decreased decorin expression. qPCR and Enzyme- Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) results showed that TGF-β1 expression was increased in tenocytes after 3 days of 10 Hz VV treatment in vitro and in Achilles tendons after 3 weeks in vivo. Tenomodulin expression and Achilles tendon stiffness were significantly increased in Achilles tendons after 3 weeks in vivo. We also showed that the TGF-β1 receptor inhibitor SB431542 (10 μM) decreased the expression of tenomodulin and type I collagen but increased the decorin expression in tenocytes. These results indicated that the 10 Hz VV stimulated anabolic effects in tenocytes by increasing TGF-β1 expression that subsequently increases the expression of tenomodulin and type I collagen, and increased the Achilles tendon stiffness. This study provides insight into the low-frequency 10 Hz VV treatment improves tendon properties and can minimizes the risk of ligament/tendon reinjure during rehabilitation.

AB - Vertical vibration (VV) is a whole-body vibration with mechanical loading that commonly used in rehabilitation and sports training to increase athlete muscle strength. Our previous study showed that low-magnitude, low-frequency VV at 8 Hz and 10 Hz increased myoblast myogenesis. Herein, we investigated whether a VV frequency at low-frequency 5-10 Hz has anabolic effects on tenocytes and improves tendon stiffness. In primary tenocytes, 10 Hz VV treatment increased the tenogenic marker gene expression of tenomodulin and extracellular matrix type I collagen but decreased decorin expression. qPCR and Enzyme- Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) results showed that TGF-β1 expression was increased in tenocytes after 3 days of 10 Hz VV treatment in vitro and in Achilles tendons after 3 weeks in vivo. Tenomodulin expression and Achilles tendon stiffness were significantly increased in Achilles tendons after 3 weeks in vivo. We also showed that the TGF-β1 receptor inhibitor SB431542 (10 μM) decreased the expression of tenomodulin and type I collagen but increased the decorin expression in tenocytes. These results indicated that the 10 Hz VV stimulated anabolic effects in tenocytes by increasing TGF-β1 expression that subsequently increases the expression of tenomodulin and type I collagen, and increased the Achilles tendon stiffness. This study provides insight into the low-frequency 10 Hz VV treatment improves tendon properties and can minimizes the risk of ligament/tendon reinjure during rehabilitation.

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Transforming growth factor beta 1 mediates the low-frequency vertical vibration enhanced production of tenomodulin and type i collagen in rat Achilles tendon

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