Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, and psychometric testing of the Young Pregnancy Stigma Scale (YPrSS-BI): Indonesian version

Objective: To translate the Young Parent Stigma Scale (YPSS) into Bahasa Indonesia and adapt for pregnant adolescents to become Young Pregnancy Stigma Scale (YPrSS-BI). To evaluate the psychometric properties of the YPrSS-BI and determine the perceived stigma and related variables of pregnant adolescents. Design: A cross-sectional validation study. Setting: West Sumatra province, Indonesia. Participants: Pregnant adolescents (n=184) aged 15–19 years old. Methods: The YPSS was translated and modified as YPrSS-BI for cultural congruity using the procedure of Beaton et al. (2000). A convenience sample of pregnant adolescents in West Sumatra, Indonesia provided data for exploratory factor analysis. Findings: A four-factor solution across 22 items was found to explain a total variance of 66.9% of the perceived stigma of pregnant adolescent women. Cronbach's alpha of the YPrSS-BI was satisfactory for the total scale (0.88), and adequate to excellent across the four factors (0.77–0.94). Conclusion: The YPrSS-BI is a valid and reliable instrument to measure stigma perceived by pregnant Indonesian adolescents. Implications for practice: Stigma, entangled with social and cultural burdens, can negatively impact physical and mental health of adolescents during pregnancy. Healthcare providers can use the YPrSS-BI to evaluate stigmatized feelings of pregnant girls and foster potential interventions to reduce stigma burden.