TY - JOUR
T1 - Urine phthalate metabolites are associated with urothelial cancer in chronic kidney disease patients
AU - For Taiwan Urothelial Cancer Consortium
AU - Chou, Che Yi
AU - Shu, Kuo Hsiung
AU - Chen, Hung Chun
AU - Wang, Ming Cheng
AU - Chang, Chia Chu
AU - Hsu, Bang Gee
AU - Chen, Tzen Wen
AU - Chen, Chien Lung
AU - Huang, Chiu Ching
N1 - Funding Information:
This study is mainly supported by grants from Academia Sinica , Taiwan (grant number BI 10150264 , BM102021124 , BM103010089 and BM104010113 ) and partially supported by the Taiwan Department of Health Cancer Research Center of Excellence (grant number DOH101-TD-C-111-005). Besides, we would like to thank all nephrologists and urologists who helped to enroll the patients.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020
PY - 2021/6
Y1 - 2021/6
N2 - Background: Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is one of the most widely used phthalates and is associated with breast cancer. Ths association between DEHP and other types of cancer is not clear. DEHP may increase matrix metalloproteinase-9 that is critical for the development of urothelial cancer (UC). We examined the association between urinary phthalate metabolites and UC. CKD patients were selected as a control group because CKD patients are more at risk of UC than the general population. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we measured seven urinary phthalate metabolites that are abundant and can be measured using HPLC-MS/MS in Taiwan CKD patients between Jul 2013 and Dec 2015. MiBP (a urinary metabolite of Dibutyl phthalates[DBP]) and MEHHP (a urinary metabolite of DEHP) were described because they are the most abundant phthalate metabolites. The association of phthalate (log-transformed) and UC were analyzed using logistic regression with adjustments for age, gender, renal function, use of traditional Chinese medicine, toxins (dye, organic solvent), and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Results: We measured the urinary MEHHP and MiBP of 496 patients (224 UC and 272 CKD patients). The urinary MEHHP was associated with UC but MiBP was not. Medical history including the use of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, exposure to environmental toxins (dye, paint, and organic solvent), and the use of traditional Chinese medicine was independently associated with UC. The adjusted odds ratio of MEHHP was 1.42 (95% confidence interval: 1.21–1.68). Conclusion: Phthalate urinary metabolite(MEHHP) may be associated with UC in CKD patients and the association is independent of well-known risk factors of UC.
AB - Background: Di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is one of the most widely used phthalates and is associated with breast cancer. Ths association between DEHP and other types of cancer is not clear. DEHP may increase matrix metalloproteinase-9 that is critical for the development of urothelial cancer (UC). We examined the association between urinary phthalate metabolites and UC. CKD patients were selected as a control group because CKD patients are more at risk of UC than the general population. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, we measured seven urinary phthalate metabolites that are abundant and can be measured using HPLC-MS/MS in Taiwan CKD patients between Jul 2013 and Dec 2015. MiBP (a urinary metabolite of Dibutyl phthalates[DBP]) and MEHHP (a urinary metabolite of DEHP) were described because they are the most abundant phthalate metabolites. The association of phthalate (log-transformed) and UC were analyzed using logistic regression with adjustments for age, gender, renal function, use of traditional Chinese medicine, toxins (dye, organic solvent), and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Results: We measured the urinary MEHHP and MiBP of 496 patients (224 UC and 272 CKD patients). The urinary MEHHP was associated with UC but MiBP was not. Medical history including the use of non-steroid anti-inflammatory drugs, exposure to environmental toxins (dye, paint, and organic solvent), and the use of traditional Chinese medicine was independently associated with UC. The adjusted odds ratio of MEHHP was 1.42 (95% confidence interval: 1.21–1.68). Conclusion: Phthalate urinary metabolite(MEHHP) may be associated with UC in CKD patients and the association is independent of well-known risk factors of UC.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127834
DO - 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127834
M3 - Article
C2 - 33077191
AN - SCOPUS:85092644293
VL - 273
JO - Chemosphere
JF - Chemosphere
SN - 0045-6535
M1 - 127834
ER -