@article{1110101df8c542038b35c28cf0920dee,
title = "A global model for the occurrence probability of L-band scintillation S4-index",
abstract = "More than 1.4 million S4-index profiles sounded by FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC (F3/C) radio occultation during 2007-2014 are used to construct a global scintillation occurrence model for the ground-based GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) users. The local maximums of each F3/C S4-index profile at every 10 km altitude window are integrated to simulate the worst-case L-band S4-index (S4conv) on the ground. The S4conv mega-data bind into 3̊×3̊ in latitude×longitude allows us computing the occurrence probability of the globe for a given S4-index threshold. The occurrence probability of S4 of the developed model agree well with those of ground-based GNSS receivers of the SCINDA (SCIntillation Network Decision Aid) network. Global patterns in the occurrence probability of the model are similar to that of in-situ plasma measurements probed by ROCSAT and FORMOSAT-7/COSMIC-2 satellites in various solar activities. These agreements and similarities indicate that the constructed empirical model can be employed to calculate and predict L-band S4-index and its occurrence probability in the ionosphere.",
author = "Chen, {Shih Ping} and Liu, {Jann Yenq} and Lin, {Charles C.H.} and Yeh, {Wen Hao}",
note = "Funding Information: This work was financially supported by the Center for Astronautical Physics and Engineering (CAPE) Funding Information: This work was financially supported by the Center for Astronautical Physics and Engineering (CAPE) from the Featured Area Research Center program within the framework of Higher Education Sprout Project by the Ministry of Education (MOE) in Taiwan. This study is supported by the Taiwan Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) Grant MOST 108-2119-M-008-001, 108-2636-M-008-002, and 109-2636-M-008-004. The FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC S4-index scnLv1 data is available at the https://tacc.cwb.gov.tw/dataservice/fs3_cosmic2013/level1b/scnLv1/. The authors thank Dr. Ronald Caton at Air Force Research Laboratory for providing S4-index data of SCINDA, and kindly provide suggestions of this study on the Beacon Satellite Symposium Olsztyn, Poland in 2019. Funding Information: Ministry of Science and Technology (MOST) Grant MOST 108‐2119‐M‐008‐001, 108‐2636‐M‐008‐ Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021 Chinese Geoscience Union. All rights reserved.",
year = "2021",
month = dec,
doi = "10.3319/TAO.2021.08.10.03",
language = "English",
volume = "32",
journal = "Terrestrial, Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences",
issn = "1017-0839",
publisher = "Chinese Geoscience Union",
number = "6",
}