TY - JOUR
T1 - Adsorption and Reaction Pathways of 1H-Pyrazole on Cu(100) and O/Cu(100)
AU - Jhuang, Jyun Yi
AU - Lee, Szu Han
AU - Chen, Shang Wei
AU - Chen, Yun Hsien
AU - Chen, You Jyun
AU - Lin, Jong Liang
AU - Wang, Chia Hsin
AU - Yang, Yaw Wen
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was financially supported by the Ministry of Science and Technology of the Republic of China (MOST 105-2113-M-006-002).
Publisher Copyright:
© 2018 American Chemical Society.
PY - 2018/3/22
Y1 - 2018/3/22
N2 - Temperature-programmed reaction/desorption (TPR/D), reflection-absorption infrared spectroscopy (RAIRS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) have been employed, with the aid of density functional theory calculations, to investigate the adsorption and reaction mechanisms of 1H-pyrazole on Cu(100) and oxygen-precovered Cu(100) (O/Cu(100)). On Cu(100), the adsorbed 1H-pyrazole molecules interact with each other through hydrogen bonding, exhibiting broad infrared absorptions between ∼2750 and ∼3300 cm-1, but without the N-H stretching peak detected. Near a monolayer coverage, heating the surface to ∼200 K induces a change in the adsorption layer structure and generates upright or near upright 1H-pyrazole molecules attaching to the surface through the imine nitrogens. The 1H-pyrazole undergoes N-H bond cleavage first to evolve H2 (∼230 K) and leaves pyrazolate on the surface. This intermediate is proposed to be adsorbed perpendicularly via the two nitrogen atoms, which are close to two surface atop sites. The pyrazolate decomposes by simultaneous C-H bond scission and ring opening with preferential bond breaking steps at ∼550 K. The C-H dissociation, particularly at the 4C-H, is the main origin for the H2 formation from the pyrazolate. In the ring-opening process of the pyrazolate, cleavage of the two C-N bonds produces N2, while concomitant dissociation of the N-N and 3C-4C bonds leads to the formation of HCN and CH3CN. A small amount of the pyrazolate may recombine with hydrogen to evolve 1H-pyrazole. As 1H-pyrazole is adsorbed on O/Cu(100) at 120 K, it dissociates into adsorbed H2O and dehydrogenated 1H-pyrazole species. Further reaction of the dehydrogenated species at 480 K produces adsorbed NCO and pyrazolate and gaseous H2, H2O, HCN, CO, and CO2, with other products of CH2â•CHNH2 at 515 K and NH3 at 535 K. The remaining pyrazolate decomposes at 550 K to generate H2, N2, HCN, and CH3CN.
AB - Temperature-programmed reaction/desorption (TPR/D), reflection-absorption infrared spectroscopy (RAIRS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) have been employed, with the aid of density functional theory calculations, to investigate the adsorption and reaction mechanisms of 1H-pyrazole on Cu(100) and oxygen-precovered Cu(100) (O/Cu(100)). On Cu(100), the adsorbed 1H-pyrazole molecules interact with each other through hydrogen bonding, exhibiting broad infrared absorptions between ∼2750 and ∼3300 cm-1, but without the N-H stretching peak detected. Near a monolayer coverage, heating the surface to ∼200 K induces a change in the adsorption layer structure and generates upright or near upright 1H-pyrazole molecules attaching to the surface through the imine nitrogens. The 1H-pyrazole undergoes N-H bond cleavage first to evolve H2 (∼230 K) and leaves pyrazolate on the surface. This intermediate is proposed to be adsorbed perpendicularly via the two nitrogen atoms, which are close to two surface atop sites. The pyrazolate decomposes by simultaneous C-H bond scission and ring opening with preferential bond breaking steps at ∼550 K. The C-H dissociation, particularly at the 4C-H, is the main origin for the H2 formation from the pyrazolate. In the ring-opening process of the pyrazolate, cleavage of the two C-N bonds produces N2, while concomitant dissociation of the N-N and 3C-4C bonds leads to the formation of HCN and CH3CN. A small amount of the pyrazolate may recombine with hydrogen to evolve 1H-pyrazole. As 1H-pyrazole is adsorbed on O/Cu(100) at 120 K, it dissociates into adsorbed H2O and dehydrogenated 1H-pyrazole species. Further reaction of the dehydrogenated species at 480 K produces adsorbed NCO and pyrazolate and gaseous H2, H2O, HCN, CO, and CO2, with other products of CH2â•CHNH2 at 515 K and NH3 at 535 K. The remaining pyrazolate decomposes at 550 K to generate H2, N2, HCN, and CH3CN.
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U2 - 10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b00042
DO - 10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b00042
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85044351196
VL - 122
SP - 6195
EP - 6208
JO - Journal of Physical Chemistry C
JF - Journal of Physical Chemistry C
SN - 1932-7447
IS - 11
ER -