Advancements And Obstacles in Hydrogen Fuel Cell Technology for Sustainable Transportation

The current transportation system around the world is transforming to reduce noise, hazardous emissions, and fuel consumption, to meet the strict economic and environmental regulations to achieve net zero emission by 2050. This global trend has spurred research by academics and the transportation industry to develop cleaner, more efficient, and environmentally friendly transportation solutions. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (HFCVs) have lately become a practical option, using hydrogen (H2) as a fuel to produce power for electric motors. These vehicles only release water vapor (H2O) and heat as byproducts. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles offer an operational mechanism that produces a high energy efficiency ratio and an optimal power-to-weight ratio, providing significant potential for emission reduction. The implementation of current models including the Toyota, Hyundai, and Honda Clarity, which are now on the road, demonstrates HFCVs' ability to address the transportation sector’s problems while also highlighting the expansion of renewable energy and emission reduction. This transition provides valuable insights into how to overcome existing technological obstacles and suggests that by implementing innovative strategies and effective government policies, hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (HFCVs) might significantly Contribute to the development of a transport system that is more environmentally friendly and can be maintained for a longer period.