TY - JOUR
T1 - Applications of agricultural residue biochars to removal of toxic gases emitted from chemical plants
T2 - A review
AU - Cho, Seong Heon
AU - Lee, Sangyoon
AU - Kim, Youkwan
AU - Song, Hocheol
AU - Lee, Jechan
AU - Tsang, Yiu Fai
AU - Chen, Wei Hsin
AU - Park, Young Kwon
AU - Lee, Dong Jun
AU - Jung, Sungyup
AU - Kwon, Eilhann E.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© 2023 Elsevier B.V.
PY - 2023/4/10
Y1 - 2023/4/10
N2 - Crop residues are representative agricultural waste materials, massively generated in the world. However, a large fraction of them is currently being wasted, though they have a high potential to be used as a value-added carbon-rich material. Also, the applications of carbon-rich materials from agricultural waste to industries can have economic benefit because waste-derived carbon materials are considered inexpensive waste materials. In this review, valorization methods for crop residues as carbon-rich materials (i.e., biochars) and their applications to industrial toxic gas removals are discussed. Applications of crop residue biochars to toxic gas removal can have significant environmental benefits and economic feasibility. As such, this review discussed the technical advantages of the use of crop residue biochars as adsorbents for hazardous gaseous pollutants and greenhouse gases (GHGs) stemmed from combustion of fossil fuels and the different refinery processes. Also, the practical benefits from the activation methods in line with the biochar properties were comprehensively discussed. The relationships between the physico-chemical properties of biochars and the removal mechanisms of gaseous pollutants (H2S, SO2, Hg0, and CO2) on biochars were also highlighted in this review study. Porosity controls using physical and chemical activations along with the addition of specific functional groups and metals on biochars have significantly contributed to the enhancement of flue gas adsorption. The adsorption capacity of biochar for each toxic chemical was in the range of 46–76 mg g−1 for H2S, 40–182 mg g−1 for SO2, 80–952 μg g−1 for Hg0, and 82–308 mg g−1 CO2, respectively. This helps to find suitable activation methods for adsorption of the target pollutants. In the last part, the benefits from the use of biochars and the research directions were prospectively provided to make crop residue biochars more practical materials in adsorption of pollutant gases.
AB - Crop residues are representative agricultural waste materials, massively generated in the world. However, a large fraction of them is currently being wasted, though they have a high potential to be used as a value-added carbon-rich material. Also, the applications of carbon-rich materials from agricultural waste to industries can have economic benefit because waste-derived carbon materials are considered inexpensive waste materials. In this review, valorization methods for crop residues as carbon-rich materials (i.e., biochars) and their applications to industrial toxic gas removals are discussed. Applications of crop residue biochars to toxic gas removal can have significant environmental benefits and economic feasibility. As such, this review discussed the technical advantages of the use of crop residue biochars as adsorbents for hazardous gaseous pollutants and greenhouse gases (GHGs) stemmed from combustion of fossil fuels and the different refinery processes. Also, the practical benefits from the activation methods in line with the biochar properties were comprehensively discussed. The relationships between the physico-chemical properties of biochars and the removal mechanisms of gaseous pollutants (H2S, SO2, Hg0, and CO2) on biochars were also highlighted in this review study. Porosity controls using physical and chemical activations along with the addition of specific functional groups and metals on biochars have significantly contributed to the enhancement of flue gas adsorption. The adsorption capacity of biochar for each toxic chemical was in the range of 46–76 mg g−1 for H2S, 40–182 mg g−1 for SO2, 80–952 μg g−1 for Hg0, and 82–308 mg g−1 CO2, respectively. This helps to find suitable activation methods for adsorption of the target pollutants. In the last part, the benefits from the use of biochars and the research directions were prospectively provided to make crop residue biochars more practical materials in adsorption of pollutant gases.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85146618098&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85146618098&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161655
DO - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.161655
M3 - Article
C2 - 36649775
AN - SCOPUS:85146618098
SN - 0048-9697
VL - 868
JO - Science of the Total Environment
JF - Science of the Total Environment
M1 - 161655
ER -
