Autologous pericranial graft resurfacing after high condylectomy and discectomy of the temporomandibular joint in rabbits

Purpose: This study tested the effects of an autologous pericranial graft placed over the condyle on healing after high condylectomy and discectomy. Materials and Methods: Sixteen young adult New Zealand white rabbits were divided into four test groups and a control group. Three animals from the test group and one control animal were killed at 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks postoperatively. Each experimental animal received a high condylotomy and discectomy bilaterally. In addition, on one side a pericranial graft was placed on the shaved bone and immobilized with a tissue adhesive. Results: The results showed better healing of the articular defects in the joints where grafts had been placed, including earlier and more complete soft tissue covering, more substantial neochondrogenesis, and better organization of the regenerated articular cartilage. Conclusion: Pericranial grafts may be helpful in facilitating healing after high condylectomy. However, technical improvements in the method of tissue fixation may be necessary.