Bistatic scattering from a fractal dynamic rough sea surface with a ship presence at low grazing-angle incidence using the GFBM / SAA

A generalized forward-backward method (GFBM) with the spectral accelerated algorithm (SAA) to solve the magnetic-field integral equation (MFIE) is developed. It is applied to the numerical simulation of bistatic scattering from a one-dimensional (1-D) fractal dynamic sea surface with a ship presence under TE tapered wave incidence at a low grazing angle (LGA). Numerical simulations of bistatic scattering at an LGA show the functional dependence upon the fractal dimension of the conducting rough surface, ship location, and other parameters.