TY - JOUR
T1 - Dietary exposure and risk assessment of exposure to hexabromocyclododecanes in a Taiwan population
AU - Lee, Ching Chang
AU - Chang, Wei Hsiang
AU - Chen, Hsiu Ling
N1 - Funding Information:
We thank the food vendors and suppliers for their cooperation, and our colleagues at the Research Center of Environmental Trace Toxic Substances for sampling and analytical support. This study was supported by grants from the Taiwan Food and Drug Administration , Ministry of Health and Welfare , and Department of Health .
Funding Information:
We thank the food vendors and suppliers for their cooperation, and our colleagues at the Research Center of Environmental Trace Toxic Substances for sampling and analytical support. This study was supported by grants from the Taiwan Food and Drug Administration, Ministry of Health and Welfare, and Department of Health.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 Elsevier Ltd
PY - 2019/6
Y1 - 2019/6
N2 - Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) is commonly used in commercial products and factories. HBCDs can be detected in the air, bioaccumulated deposits, water, soil, sediments, and in biota and foodstuffs in the food-chain because they are not chemically bound to the polymer. We determined the levels of α-, β-, and γ-HBCDs in 270 foodstuffs and the doses of HBCDs Taiwanese are normally exposed to. We also wanted to create a strategy of risk management for HBCDs based on margins of exposure (MOE). HBCDs were frequently detectible in fish, seafood, and poultry. Their highest concentrations were in fish, oil, poultry, and livestock. The highest estimated daily intake was in 0- to 3-year-olds (1.576 ng/kg/day), and lower in 3- to 6- (1.064 ng/kg/day), 6- to 12- (0.899 ng/kg/day), and lowest in 12- to 16- (0.632 ng/kg/day) year-olds. The exposure doses to HBCDs indicated no health concern for Taiwanese. Except for fish, significant concentrations of α- and γ-HBCDs were detected in many other foodstuffs, which might indicate that exposure to HBCD is a relatively recent problem. Therefore, one goal of a management policy should be to follow-up the flow direction of HBCDs in Taiwan.
AB - Hexabromocyclododecane (HBCD) is commonly used in commercial products and factories. HBCDs can be detected in the air, bioaccumulated deposits, water, soil, sediments, and in biota and foodstuffs in the food-chain because they are not chemically bound to the polymer. We determined the levels of α-, β-, and γ-HBCDs in 270 foodstuffs and the doses of HBCDs Taiwanese are normally exposed to. We also wanted to create a strategy of risk management for HBCDs based on margins of exposure (MOE). HBCDs were frequently detectible in fish, seafood, and poultry. Their highest concentrations were in fish, oil, poultry, and livestock. The highest estimated daily intake was in 0- to 3-year-olds (1.576 ng/kg/day), and lower in 3- to 6- (1.064 ng/kg/day), 6- to 12- (0.899 ng/kg/day), and lowest in 12- to 16- (0.632 ng/kg/day) year-olds. The exposure doses to HBCDs indicated no health concern for Taiwanese. Except for fish, significant concentrations of α- and γ-HBCDs were detected in many other foodstuffs, which might indicate that exposure to HBCD is a relatively recent problem. Therefore, one goal of a management policy should be to follow-up the flow direction of HBCDs in Taiwan.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.03.040
DO - 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.03.040
M3 - Article
C2 - 30933770
AN - SCOPUS:85063969930
VL - 249
SP - 728
EP - 734
JO - Environmental Pollution
JF - Environmental Pollution
SN - 0269-7491
ER -