Dynamic total factors’ environmental efficiency in European union countries

The Paris Agreement shows that forest area can reduce or absorb CO2, and afforestation is considered a cost-effective option. The policy goal hopes that the more afforested areas, the better. Forest maintenance contributes to the improvement of environmental efficiency and contributes to sustainable development. We use forest area as an impact factor, as a good output of the dynamic SBM model, to measure the environmental efficiency of EU countries from 2013 to 2017. This study uses the TFEE indicator (Total Factor Environmental Efficiency) to explore the environmental efficiency of EU countries. We expect to reduce the pursuit of GDP growth through the adjustment of energy policy and achieve emission reduction targets. The empirical results show that the environmental efficiency of European Union countries is showing an increasing trend, but there are still half of the countries whose environmental efficiency is lower than the average level. Countries that perform well in total factor efficiency also perform well in environmental efficiency. Forest area and labor are the main factors that reduce the European Union countries environmental efficiency.