Early bioprosthesis failure in mitral valve replacement

The causes of early bioprosthesis failure include infective endocarditis, pannus formation, and structural valve deterioration. We reported a patient who suffered from early mitral bioprosthesis failure due to leaflets restricted by the subvalvular apparatus and early pannus formation. In patients with symptoms relapse and mitral regurgitation recurrence early after mitral valve replacement, early pannus formation needs to be anticipated, and surgical intervention should be performed if symptoms persist after medical treatment.