TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of ethanol-blended gasoline on air pollutant emissions from motorcycle
AU - Yao, Yung Chen
AU - Tsai, Jiun Horng
AU - Chiang, Hung Lung
N1 - Funding Information:
This research was partly supported by grants from the National Science Council of the Republic of China under contract NSC 95-2221-E-006-172-MY3. The authors are grateful to the staff of Sanyang Industry and the staff of China Petroleum Company (Taiwan) who performed the chassis dynamometer tests and the blends of the test fuels, respectively. Ms. Hsin-Hui Chou and Ms. Wei-Ting Chang who provided assistance in sampling and analysis are also appreciated.
PY - 2009/9/15
Y1 - 2009/9/15
N2 - The effect of ethanol-gasoline blends on criteria air pollutant emissions was investigated in a four-stroke motorcycle. The ethanol was blended with unleaded gasoline in four percentages (3, 10, 15, and 20% v/v) and controlled at a constant research octane number, RON (95), to accurately represent commercial gasoline. CO, THC, and NOx emissions were evaluated using the Economic Commission for Europe cycle on the chassis dynamometers. The results of the ethanol-gasoline blends were compared to those of commercial unleaded gasoline with methyl tert-butyl ether as the oxygenated additive. In general, the exhaust CO and NOx emissions decreased with increasing oxygen content in fuels. In contrast, ethanol added in the gasoline did not reduce the THC emissions for a constant RON gasoline. The 15% ethanol blend had the highest emission reductions relative to the reference fuel. The high ethanol-gasoline blend ratio (20%) resulted in a less emission reduction than those of low ratio blends (< 15%). This may be attributed to the changes in the combustion conditions in the carburetor engine with 20% ethanol addition. Furthermore, the influence of ethanol-gasoline blends on the reduction of exhaust emissions was observed at different driving modes, especially at 15 km/h cruising speed for CO and THC and acceleration stages for NOx.
AB - The effect of ethanol-gasoline blends on criteria air pollutant emissions was investigated in a four-stroke motorcycle. The ethanol was blended with unleaded gasoline in four percentages (3, 10, 15, and 20% v/v) and controlled at a constant research octane number, RON (95), to accurately represent commercial gasoline. CO, THC, and NOx emissions were evaluated using the Economic Commission for Europe cycle on the chassis dynamometers. The results of the ethanol-gasoline blends were compared to those of commercial unleaded gasoline with methyl tert-butyl ether as the oxygenated additive. In general, the exhaust CO and NOx emissions decreased with increasing oxygen content in fuels. In contrast, ethanol added in the gasoline did not reduce the THC emissions for a constant RON gasoline. The 15% ethanol blend had the highest emission reductions relative to the reference fuel. The high ethanol-gasoline blend ratio (20%) resulted in a less emission reduction than those of low ratio blends (< 15%). This may be attributed to the changes in the combustion conditions in the carburetor engine with 20% ethanol addition. Furthermore, the influence of ethanol-gasoline blends on the reduction of exhaust emissions was observed at different driving modes, especially at 15 km/h cruising speed for CO and THC and acceleration stages for NOx.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.06.017
DO - 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2009.06.017
M3 - Article
C2 - 19595441
AN - SCOPUS:68049092923
SN - 0048-9697
VL - 407
SP - 5257
EP - 5262
JO - Science of the Total Environment
JF - Science of the Total Environment
IS - 19
ER -