TY - JOUR
T1 - Effects of modified-process on the microstructure, internal bias field, and activation energy in CuO-doped NKN ceramics
AU - Yang, Song Ling
AU - Hong, Cheng Shong
AU - Tsai, Cheng Che
AU - Liou, Yi Cheng
AU - Chu, Sheng Yuan
N1 - Funding Information:
We gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the Bureau of Energy, Ministry of Economic Affairs, Taiwan (Grant numbers: NSC 99-ET-006-008-ET , and 100-ET-E-006-003-ET ). We also appreciate a native English language editing agency, K.T. Li Foundation for the Development of Science and Technology, for the help to polish our article.
PY - 2012/7
Y1 - 2012/7
N2 - In this study, (Na 0.5K 0.5)NbO 3+xCuO (NKNCx, where x=0-1mol%) were separately prepared using the two-step calcination process (BO method) and a conventional mixed oxide method (MO method). The microstructure of NKNCx ceramics prepared using the MO method exhibited obviously inhomogeneous microstructure. In contrast, the BO method improved the compositional homogeneity as well as the electrical properties. A high Q m value of 2100 was obtained for NKNCx ceramics prepared using the BO method. The ceramics prepared using the BO method exhibited the formation of more oxygen vacancies, resulting in an increase in the internal bias field. The value for the activation energy of the samples supports the presence of oxygen vacancies. The bulk density, dielectric loss, k p, Q m, d 33 and e{open} 33 T/e{open} 0 of the NKNCx ceramics prepared using the BO method were 4.488g/cm 3, 0.15%, 41.5%, 2100, 95pC/N and 280, respectively.
AB - In this study, (Na 0.5K 0.5)NbO 3+xCuO (NKNCx, where x=0-1mol%) were separately prepared using the two-step calcination process (BO method) and a conventional mixed oxide method (MO method). The microstructure of NKNCx ceramics prepared using the MO method exhibited obviously inhomogeneous microstructure. In contrast, the BO method improved the compositional homogeneity as well as the electrical properties. A high Q m value of 2100 was obtained for NKNCx ceramics prepared using the BO method. The ceramics prepared using the BO method exhibited the formation of more oxygen vacancies, resulting in an increase in the internal bias field. The value for the activation energy of the samples supports the presence of oxygen vacancies. The bulk density, dielectric loss, k p, Q m, d 33 and e{open} 33 T/e{open} 0 of the NKNCx ceramics prepared using the BO method were 4.488g/cm 3, 0.15%, 41.5%, 2100, 95pC/N and 280, respectively.
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U2 - 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2011.12.008
DO - 10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2011.12.008
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84862784662
SN - 0955-2219
VL - 32
SP - 1643
EP - 1650
JO - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
JF - Journal of the European Ceramic Society
IS - 8
ER -