TY - JOUR
T1 - Establishment of regional concentration–duration– frequency relationships of air pollution
T2 - A case study for PM2.5
AU - Chu, Hone Jay
AU - Ali, Muhammad Zeeshan
N1 - Funding Information:
Acknowledgments: The authors would like to thank the MOST of Taiwan for financial support under grant number 108-2621-M-006-010-. The authors would like to thank the editors and anonymous reviewers for providing suggestions for paper improvement.
Funding Information:
Funding: This research was funded by MOST under grant number 108-2621-M-006-010-.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
PY - 2020/2/2
Y1 - 2020/2/2
N2 - Poor air quality usually leads to PM2.5 warnings and affects human health. The impact of frequency and duration of extreme air quality has received considerable attention. The extreme concentration of air pollution is related to its duration and annual frequency of occurrence known as concentration–duration–frequency (CDF) relationships. However, the CDF formulas are empirical equations representing the relationship between the maximum concentration as a dependent variable and other parameters of interest, i.e., duration and annual frequency of occurrence. As a basis for deducing the extreme CDF relationship of PM2.5, the function assumes that the extreme concentration is related to the duration and frequency. In addition, the spatial pattern estimation of extreme PM2.5 is identified. The regional CDF identifies the regional extreme concentration with a specified duration and return period. The spatial pattern of extreme air pollution over 8 h duration shows the hotspots of air quality in the central and southwestern areas. Central and southwestern Taiwan is at high risk of exposure to air pollution. Use of the regional CDF analysis is highly recommended for efficient design of air quality management and control.
AB - Poor air quality usually leads to PM2.5 warnings and affects human health. The impact of frequency and duration of extreme air quality has received considerable attention. The extreme concentration of air pollution is related to its duration and annual frequency of occurrence known as concentration–duration–frequency (CDF) relationships. However, the CDF formulas are empirical equations representing the relationship between the maximum concentration as a dependent variable and other parameters of interest, i.e., duration and annual frequency of occurrence. As a basis for deducing the extreme CDF relationship of PM2.5, the function assumes that the extreme concentration is related to the duration and frequency. In addition, the spatial pattern estimation of extreme PM2.5 is identified. The regional CDF identifies the regional extreme concentration with a specified duration and return period. The spatial pattern of extreme air pollution over 8 h duration shows the hotspots of air quality in the central and southwestern areas. Central and southwestern Taiwan is at high risk of exposure to air pollution. Use of the regional CDF analysis is highly recommended for efficient design of air quality management and control.
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U2 - 10.3390/ijerph17041419
DO - 10.3390/ijerph17041419
M3 - Article
C2 - 32098343
AN - SCOPUS:85079901675
SN - 1661-7827
VL - 17
JO - International journal of environmental research and public health
JF - International journal of environmental research and public health
IS - 4
M1 - 1419
ER -