Experimental evaluation of orange oil biodiesel in compression ignition engine with various bowl geometries

In the recent decades, energy production and consumptions elevated owing to heavy demand and rapid progress in the automobile sector. In this research work, orange oil biodiesel was produced from transesterification of non-edible oil orange oil. The biodiesel is blended in various proportions with diesel under volumetric conditions and termed as B1 (25% orange oil biodiesel with 75% conventional fuel), B2 (50% orange oil biodiesel with 50% conventional fuel), B3 (75% orange oil biodiesel with 25% conventional fuel) and B4 (100% orange oil methyl ester) samples, respectively. Two distinct bowl shapes were developed specifically hemispherical combustion shape (CGB1) and toroidal combustion shape (CBG2) in diesel engine to evaluate engine characteristics. On comparing with CBG1, increased efficiency and decreased fuel consumption were observed with CBG2. Lower engine exhaust emissions like smoke, carbon monoxide and hydrocarbon were identified in CBG2 than CBG1 excluding oxides of nitrogen. The custom of using low viscous orange oil methyl ester with piston bowl geometry modification was considered to be the beneficial approach for attaining upgraded engine characteristics.