Multidimensional matter-wave beam splitters by multiphoton hyperfine Raman transitions

Multidimensional beamsplitters play crucial roles in the development of multidimensional atom interferometers and have the potential for applications in quantum information in higher dimensions. We present different configurations of multidimensional beamsplitters using both conventional two-photon Raman transitions and recently discovered four-photon Raman transitions. The differences between these configurations arise from the selection of external magnetic fields to serve as quantization axes. We explored and estimated statistical and systematic errors that may occur when multiple Raman transitions are used to construct multidimensional atom interferometers with deviated quantization axes. Our results demonstrated a tradeoff between the simplicity of axis alignment relative to the beams and the required optical power. These considerations are pertinent to the future design and optimization of multidimensional atom interferometry systems.